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Analysis of the effect of GE interaction on the grain yield and its related traits in rain-fed Algerian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grown in contrasting environments
Análisis del efecto de la interacción GE sobre el rendimiento de grano y sus rasgos relacionados en trigo duro argelino de secano (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) cultivado en ambientes contrastados
Keywords:
Grain yield, GE interaction, Environment relationship, Traits correlation, Stability (en)Rendimiento de granos, Interacción GE, Relación con el entorno, Correlación de rasgos, Estabilidad (es)
Selection for higher yield and wider adaptability are the most important tasks in crop breeding programs. (GE) interactions are commonly seen as one of the major barriers in plant breeding. The present work aims to assess the effects of GE interaction for the grain yield of 14 durum wheat varieties grown in rain-fed environments during 2014-2017 cropping seasons, and to analyze the relationships between 15 traits intra and inter-environments. Field trials were carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Grain yield data were analyzed using AMMI model. The combined analysis of variance showed that the effects of genotype, environment and their interactions were highly significant on the grain yield. Using CV and Pi index, GTA dur was the high yielding (32.5 q ha-1) and most stable variety across all the environments. Based on the inter-character correlation, the indirect selection of grain yield via the number of grains per m2 would be effective. Moreover, the inter-environment correlation of the studied variables confirms there was GE interaction and suggests that the best varieties should be chosen according to their specific adaptation. Cold environments differed from warm and moderate ones in the ranking of varieties. Indeed, Sétif site offers better possibilities for producing the Ofanto variety (39.9 q ha-1). Whereas, GTA dur and Simeto (30.9 q ha-1 and 29.7 q ha-1, respectively) prove to be the most efficient in terms of grain yield at Oued Smar and Khemis Miliana sites together.
La selección para obtener un mayor rendimiento y una mayor adaptabilidad son las tareas más importantes en los programas de mejora de cultivos. Las interacciones GE son comúnmente consideradas como una de las principales barreras en el fitomejoramiento. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la interacción GE para el rendimiento de grano de 14 variedades de trigo duro cultivadas en ambientes de secano durante las temporadas de cultivo 2014-2017, y analizar las relaciones entre 15 caracteres intra e interambientes. Los ensayos de campo de 14 variedades se organizaron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los datos de rendimiento de grano se analizaron utilizando el modelo AMMI. El análisis combinado de la varianza mostró que el efecto del genotipo, el ambiente y sus interacciones fueron altamente significativos para el rendimiento de grano. Utilizando el CV y el índice Pi, GTA dur fue la variedad de mayor rendimiento (32,5 q ha-1) y más estable en todos los ambientes. Basándose en la correlación entre caracteres, la selección indirecta del rendimiento de grano a través del número de granos por m2 sería efectiva. Además, la correlación interambiente de las variables estudiadas, confirman la presencia de la interacción GE y sugiere que se deben elegir las mejores variedades de acuerdo con la adaptación específica. Los entornos fríos difirieron de los cálidos y moderados en la clasificación de las variedades. En efecto, el sitio Sétif ofrece mejores posibilidades para producir la variedad Ofanto (39,9 q ha-1). En cambio, GTA dur y Simeto (30,9 q ha-1 y 29,7 q ha-1, respectivamente) demuestran ser los más eficientes en términos de rendimiento de grano en los sitios de Oued Smar y Khemis Miliana juntos.
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