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Growth and agronomic performance of soybean applied with pre-emergence herbicides
Crecimiento y desempeño agronómico de la soja aplicada con herbicidas pre-emergentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v76n3.104823Keywords:
Growth regulators, Herbicide selectivity, Injury symptoms, Plant height, Lodging, Yield (en)Reguladores del crecimiento, Selectividad de herbicidas, Síntomas de lesiones, Altura de planta, Encamado, Productividad (es)
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Among the factors that limit the productive potential of soybean crops, stands out lodging, in addition to competition with weeds. Given this, the importance of soybean pre-emergence herbicides for different purposes is highlighted; however, they have to be evaluated for selectivity. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and agronomic performance of soybean applied with pre-emergence herbicides. Experiment 1 was conducted in the 2017-2018 season at two locations, and experiment 2 in the 2016-2017 season at one location. Treatments consisted of the application of pre-emergence herbicides in soybean in a randomized block design with four replications. Crop injury and chlorophyll indices (experiment 1) and variables related to agronomic performance (experiments 1 and 2) were assessed. Diclosulam and chlorimuron showed potential for application at pre-emergence to reduce plant height and consequently plant lodging. Moreover, diclosulam, chlorimuron, sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, s-metolachlor, pendimethalin, trifluralin, imazethapyr/flumioxazin, and oxyfluorfen did not negatively affect agronomic performance when applied at pre-emergence of soybean. This study evidenced the selectivity of pre-emergence herbicides to soybean.
Entre los factores que limitan el potencial productivo de los cultivos de soya, se destaca el encamado, además de la competencia con las malas hierbas. Ante esto, se destaca la importancia de usar herbicidas en pre-emergencia de la soya para diferentes propósitos; sin embargo, es necesario evaluar su selectividad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el crecimiento y comportamiento agronómico de la soja bajo la aplicación de herbicidas en pre-emergencia. El experimento 1 se realizó en la cosecha entre 2017-2018 en dos sitios, el experimento 2 en la cosecha entre 2016-2017 en un sitio. Los tratamientos consistieron en la aplicación de herbicidas pre-emergentes en soja en un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron índices de daño al cultivo y de clorofila (experimento 1) y variables relacionadas con el comportamiento agronómico (experimentos 1 y 2). El diclosulam y el clorimuron mostraron potencial para su aplicación en soja en pre-emergencia para reducir la altura de las plantas y, en consecuencia, el encamado de las plantas. Además, diclosulam, clorimuron, sulfentrazona, flumioxazin, s-metolacloro, pendimetalina, trifuralina, imazetapir/flumioxazina y oxifluorfeno afectaron negativamente el rendimiento agronómico cuando se aplicaron en la soja de pre-emergencia. Este estudio evidenció la selectividad de los herbicidas de pre-emergencia a la soja.
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