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HS-SPME GC/MS Volatile profile of the Onion Allium fistulosum L. variety Pereirana, cultivated in Colombia
Perfil volátil HS-SPME GC/MS de la cebolla Allium fistulosum L. variedad Pereirana, cultivada en Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v77n1.105955Keywords:
GC-MS, HS-SPME, VOCs, Welsh onion (en)CG-EM, MEFS, COVs, Cebolla de rama (es)
The study presents a characterization of the volatile organic compounds found in both raw and the essential oil of the “Pereirana Onion,” an endemic Colombian Welsh onion variety for which the composition has not been previously reported. The analysis was conducted using four distinct fibers through the HS-SPME/GC-MS method. The results revealed that chopped Pereirana onions release as many as 29 different compounds, with concentrations up to 20 times higher than those observed in other evaluated onion species (Biónica, Veleña, and Veleña Sonsón). Most of these compounds are sulfur-based, including dipropyl disulfide, (E)-1-(Prop-1-en-1-yl)-2-propyldisulfane, disulfide, methyl 1-(methylthio) propyl, dipropyl trisulphide, and (E)-1-(Prop-1-en-1-yl)-3-propyltrisulfane. Furthermore, steam extraction of essential oils from Pereirana onions led to the identification of up to 70 different compounds. Simple correspondence analysis (SCA) revealed that Veleña and Veleña Sonsón onion species share common compounds but significantly differ from Biónica and Pereirana varieties cultivated in Risaralda, Colombia. These findings suggest potential applications in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries, paving the way for future research and industrial utilization.
El estudio presenta una caracterización de los compuestos orgánicos volátiles encontrados en la “Cebolla Pereirana”, una variedad endémica de cebolla de rama en Colombia para la cual no se había informado previamente sobre su composición. El análisis se realizó utilizando cuatro diferentes fibras por la técnica HS-SPME/GC-MS. Los resultados revelaron que las cebollas Pereirana picadas liberan hasta 29 compuestos diferentes, con concentraciones hasta 20 veces más altas que las observadas en otras especies de cebolla evaluadas (Biónica, Veleña y Veleña Sonsón). La mayoría de estos compuestos son de origen organosulfurado, incluyendo el disulfuro de dipropilo, (E)-1- (Prop-1-en-1-il)-2-propildisulfano, disulfuro, metil 1-(metiltio) propilo, trisulfuro de dipropilo y (E)-1- (Prop-1-en-1-il)-3-propiltrisulfano. Además, la extracción de aceites esenciales mediante arrastre por vapor de las cebollas Pereirana permitió identificar hasta 70 compuestos diferentes. El análisis de correspondencia simple (SCA) reveló que las especies de cebolla Veleña y Veleña Sonsón comparten compuestos comunes, pero difieren significativamente de las variedades Biónica y Pereirana cultivadas en Risaralda, Colombia. Estos hallazgos sugieren aplicaciones potenciales en las industrias farmacéutica, agrícola y alimentaria, allanando el camino para futuras investigaciones y utilización industrial.
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