Correo Electrónico
DNINFOA - SIA
Bibliotecas
Convocatorias
Identidad U.N.
Published
Bioactive compounds and physicochemical attributes of loquat fruits in Mexico
Compuestos bioactivos y atributos fisicoquímicos de frutos de níspero en México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v77n2.105976Keywords:
Antioxidant capacity, Carotenoids, Eriobotrya japonica, Fruit quality, Loquat seedlings, Total sugar content (en)Capacidad antioxidante, Carotenoides, Eriobotrya japónica, Calidad del fruto, Plántulas de níspero, Contenido de azúcares totales (es)
The loquat is a fruit found in some regional markets of Mexico, and information on its quality is limited. The physicochemical properties and antioxidant potential of loquat fruit pulp produced in the states of Mexico, Oaxaca, and Veracruz were evaluated. The fresh weight (fw) of the fruits was about 15 g. The acidity of the pulp showed variations between 0.60 and 0.93%. The Total soluble solids values were between 14.5 and 17.3 °Bx. The concentration of total phenols was 3.5 mg g-1dw, and the flavonoids represented 62% of the bioactive compounds. The content of carotenes was higher in fruits from the State of Mexico (75.4 µg EβC g-1dw) that achieved the largest fruit size. In the ABTS and FRAP assays, Veracruz fruits had the highest antioxidant capacity but the smaller fruit size. The total sugar mean content was 6.8% fw. In general, the loquat fruit was of commercial small size, and in the tropical conditions of Veracruz attained high phenolic contents.
El níspero es un fruto que se encuentra en los mercados regionales de México, y la información sobre su calidad es limitada. Se evaluaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas y el potencial antioxidante de la pulpa de frutos de níspero producidos en los Estados de México, Oaxaca y Veracruz. El peso fresco (pf) de los frutos fue de alrededor de 15 g. La acidez de la pulpa presentó variaciones entre 0,60 y 0,93%. Los valores de sólidos solubles totales estuvieron entre 14,5 y 17,3 °Bx. La concentración de fenoles totales fue de 3.5 mg g-1dw, y los flavonoides representaron el 62% del total de compuestos bioactivos. El contenido de carotenoides fue mayor en frutos del Estado de México (75.4 µg EβC g-1dw). En los ensayos ABTS y FRAP, los frutos de Veracruz presentaron la mayor capacidad antioxidante. El contenido medio de azúcar total fue de 6,8% pf. En general, el tamaño de la fruta en términos comerciales fue pequeño, y los frutos de Veracruz alcanzaron el mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos.
References
Agustí M, Juan M, Reig C and Gariglio N (2007) Techniques to improve loquat fruit size. Acta Horticulturae 750: 275-280. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.750.43
Ali M, Ahmed A, Shah HMS, Mehmood T and Abbasi KS (2020) Effect of silver nanoparticle coatings on physicochemical and nutraceutical properties of loquat during postharvest storage. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 44: e14808. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14808
Ali MM, Anwar R, Rehman RNU, Ejaz S et al (2022) Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron. Frontiers in Plant Science 13: 1039360. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1039360
Alos E, Martínez FA, Reig C, Mesejo C et al (2017) Ethylene biosynthesis and perception during ripening of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Journal of Plant Physiology 210: 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.008
AOAC - Official methods of analysis”. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Inc. Arlington, Virginia 22201 USA (Ed.) (1990) Agricultural Chemical; Contaminants; Drugs. V. 1. https://law.resource.org/pub/us/cfr/ibr/002/aoac.methods.1.1990.pdf
Arámbula-Salazar JA, Ibarra-Salinas BI, González-Laredo RB et al (2010) Variación estacional de compuestos fenólicos foliares en Quercus sideroxyla en diferentes tipos de suelo. Madera y Bosques 16(3): 49-59. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=61718440004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2010.1631166
Aslmoshtaghi E and Shahsavar AR (2013) Study on the induction of seedless Loquat. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 46(1): 53-57. https://www.thaiscience.info/journals/Article/TJAS/10898981.pdf
Benzie IFF and Strain JJ (1996) The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: The FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry 239(1): 78-93. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0292
Bryant JP and Julkunen-Tiitto R (1995) Ontogenetic development of chemical defense by seedling resin birch: Energy cost of defense production. Journal of Chemical Ecology 21: 883-896. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02033796
Chávez-Reyes Y, Dorantes-Alvarez L, Arrieta-Baez D et al (2013) Polyphenol oxidase inactivation by microwave oven and its effect on phenolic profile of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) Fruit. Food and Nutrition Sciences 4: 87-94. http://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2013.49A2012
Costa BP, Ikeda M, de Melo AM, Alves FESB et al (2022) Eriobotrya japonica fruits and its by-products: A promising fruit with bioactive profile and trends in the food application – A bibliometric review. Food Bioscience 50: 102099. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212429222005594?via%3Dihub DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102099
Cruz-Castillo JG, Rodríguez-Bracamontes F, Vásquez-Santizo J and Torres-Lima P (2006) Temperate fruit production in Guatemala. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 34 (4): 341-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2006.9514424
Dhiman A, Suhag R, Thakur D, Gupta V and Prabhakar PK (2021) Current Status of Loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.): Bioactive Functions, Preservation Approaches, and Processed Products. Food Reviews International 38: sup1,286-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2020.1866007
Ding ChK, Chachin K, Hamauzu Y et al (1998) Effects of storage temperatures on physiology and quality of loquat fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology 14(3): 309-315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(98)00053-2
Ding ChK, Chachin K, Ueda Y et al (2001) Metabolism phenolics compounds during loquat fruit development. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49: 2883-288. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0101253
Ercisli S, Gozlekci S, Sengul M, Hegedus A et al (2012) Some physicochemical characteristics, bioactive content and antioxidant capacity of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) fruits from Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae 148: 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.10.001
Escobedo FJ, Clerici N, Staudhammer ChL and Tovar-Corzo G (2015) Socio-ecological dynamics and inequality in Bogotá, Colombia’s public urban forests and their ecosystem services. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 14: 1040-1053. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2015.09.011
Famiani F, Battistelli A, Moscatello S, Cruz-Castillo JG et al (2015) The organic acids that are accumulated in the flesh of fruits: occurrence, metabolism and factors affecting their contents–a review. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura 21(2): 97-128. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2015.01.004
Feng JJ, Liu Q, Wang XD, Chen JW et al (2007) Characterization of a new loquat cultivar ‘Ninghaibai’. Acta Horticulturae 750: 117-124. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.750.16
Ferreira de Faria A, Hasegawa PN, Alves CE, Pio R et al (2009) Cultivar influence on carotenoid composition of loquats from Brazil. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 22: 196-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2008.10.014
Friedman M, Levin CE, Lee SU and Kozukue N (2009) Stability of green tea catechins in commercial tea leaves during storage for 6 months. Journal of Food Science 74(2): 47-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01033.x
Gentile C, Reig C, Corona O, Todaro A et al (2016) Pomological traits, sensory profile and nutraceutical properties of nine cultivars of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruits grown in Mediterranean area. Plant Food and Human Nutrition 71 (3): 330-338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-016-0564-3
Gershenzon J (1984) Changes in the levels of plant secondary metabolites under water and nutrient stress. In: Timmermann, B.N., Steelink, C., Loewus, F.A. (eds.). Phytochemical Adaptations to Stress. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol 18. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1206-2_10
González L, Lafuente MT and Zacarías L (2003) Maturation of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) under Spanish growing conditions and its postharvest performance. 2003. In: Llácer G. (ed.). Badenes M.L. (ed.). First International Symposium on loquat. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, 2003; 171-179 (Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 58).
Hasegawa P, Faria A, Mercadante A, Chagas E et al (2010) Chemical composition of five loquat cultivars planted in Brazil. Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos 30 (2): 552-559. https://www.scielo.br/j/cta/a/Mj9WRscY5SyBrD9WQ8pXCyn/?format=pdf&lang=en DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612010000200040
Kubola J and Siriamornpun S (2011) Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of different fruit fractions (peel, pulp, aril and seed) of Thai gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng). Food Chemistry 127 (3): 1138-1145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.115
Li EN, Luo JG and Kong LY (2009) Qualitative and quantitative determination of seven triterpene acids in Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. By high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry. Phytochemical Analysis 20: 338-343. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.1134
Lin S, Sharpe RH and Janick J (1999) Loquat: botany and horticulture. Horticultural Reviews 23: 233–276. https://web.archive.org/web/20141018011212id_/http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/pdfs/Loquat-HR23.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470650752.ch5
MAPA (1990) “Normas de calidad para nísperos”. Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación. 12. España.
Morton JF (1987) Fruits of warm climates. Ed. Creative Resource System. Inv. N.C. 505: 65-89. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19876763104
Okatan V, Kaki B, Gündeşl MA, Usanmaz S et al (2022) Morphological and biochemical characteristics of wild Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) genotypes in Turkey. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 87 (3): 201-211. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/411079
Ordoñez-Santos LE, Vázquez-Odériz L, Arbones-Maciñeira E and Romero-Rodríguez MA (2009) The influence of storage time on micronutrients in bottled tomato pulp. Food Chemistry 4: 146-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.051
Ozturk B and Ozturk A (2018) Determination of fruit quality properties of loquat genotypes grown In Ordu Province of Turkey. International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research 4 (10): 262-268.
Rao P and Pattabiraman TN (1990) Further studies on the mechanism of phenol sulfuric acid reaction with furaldehyde derivates. Analytical Biochemistry 189: 178-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(90)90103-G
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A et al (1999) Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26(4): 45-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
Rivas MM, Zaldaña J, Gálvez A, Castillo UG et al (2020) Contenido de fenoles totales y actividad antioxidante en frutos de la flora salvadoreña. Revista Minerva 3(2): 21-33. https://doi.org/10.5377/revminerva.v3i2.12472
Sagar NA, Pareek S, Bhardwaj R and Vyas N (2020) Bioactive Compounds of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) L.). In: Murthy, H., Bapat, V. (eds.). Bioactive compounds in underutilized fruits and nuts. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30182-8_10
Shah HMS, Khan AS, Singh Z and Ayyub S (2023) Postharvest biology and technology of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Foods 12(6): 1329. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12061329
Singleton VL and Rossi JA (1965) Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Australian Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16(3): 48-56. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144
Tennyson AJD, Cameron EK and Taylor GA (1997) Fauna, flora and history of Moturekareka, Motutara and Kohatutara islands, Hauraki Gulf. Tane 36: 27-56.
Toker R, Golukcu M, Tokgoz H and Tepe S (2013) Organic acids and sugar compositions of some loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) cultivars grown in Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19: 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_0000001236
Vergara-Navarro EV, Echavarría-Sánchez H and Serna-Cardona FJ (2007) Hormigas (Hymenoptera Formicidae) asociadas al Arboretum de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín. Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 40: 497-505.
Xu HX, Chen JW and Xie M (2010) Effect of different light transmittance paper bags on fruit quality and antioxidant capacity in loquat. Journal of the Science Food and Agriculture 90: 1783-1788. http://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4012
Xu HX, Li XY and Chen JW (2014) Comparison of phenolic compound contents and antioxidant capacities of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Fruits. Food Science and Biotechnology 23(6): 2013-2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0274-2
Xu HX and Chen JW (2011) Commercial quality, major bioactive compound content, and antioxidant capacity of 12 cultivars of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruits. Journal of the Science Food and Agriculture 91: 1057-1063. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4282
Yue F, Zhang J, Xu J, Niu P et al (2022) Effects of monosaccharide composition on quantitative analysis of total sugar content by phenolsulfuric acid method. Frontiers in Nutrition 1723. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.963318
Zhou CH, Sun CD, Chen KS and Li X (2011) Flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant capacity in the flower of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12: 2935-2945. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12052935
How to Cite
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Download Citation
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The journal allows the author(s) to maintain the exploitation rights (copyright) of their articles without restrictions. The author(s) accept the distribution of their articles on the web and in paper support (25 copies per issue) under open access at local, regional, and international levels. The full paper will be included and disseminated through the Portal of Journals and Institutional Repository of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, and in all the specialized databases that the journal considers pertinent for its indexation, to provide visibility and positioning to the article. All articles must comply with Colombian and international legislation, related to copyright.
Author Commitments
The author(s) undertake to assign the rights of printing and reprinting of the material published to the journal Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín. Any quotation of the articles published in the journal should be made given the respective credits to the journal and its content. In case content duplication of the journal or its partial or total publication in another language, there must be written permission of the Director.
Content Responsibility
The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and the journal are not necessarily responsible or in solidarity with the concepts issued in the published articles, whose responsibility will be entirely the author or the authors.
