Innovative methods: Banana peel powder to enhance nutritional, microbial, and sensory quality of bakery products
Métodos innovadores: polvo de cáscara de plátano para potenciar la calidad nutricional, microbiana y sensorial de los productos de panadería
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v79.121832Keywords:
Dietary fiber, Bioactive compounds, Food fortification, Antibacterial activity, Quality assessment (en)Fibra dietética, Compuestos bioactivos, Fortificación de alimentos, Actividad antibacteriana, Evaluación de la calidad (es)
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Fruit and vegetable peels are produced in large quantities as secondary waste during food processing, posing environmental challenges despite their valuable nutritional components. This study was designed to valorize banana peels to improve the nutritional quality and shelf life of baked products while reducing waste. The aim was to investigate the effects of partially substituting wheat flour with dried and ground banana peel powder at levels of 0% (T0, control), 10% (T1), and 20% (T2) on the nutritional, microbial, and sensory properties of cakes. Chemical analysis revealed that peel powder contains phenols (20.5 mg 100 g-1), flavonoids (9.2 mg 100 g-1), alkaloids (6.2 mg 100 g-1), tannins (6.5 mg 100 g-1), vitamin C (16.5 mg 100 g-1), and exhibited antioxidant activity ranging from 24.89 to 89.99%. The powder was also rich in protein, ash, fat, and dietary fiber (13.22%), and contained essential minerals, with potassium being the highest (3,850%). Microbial evaluation demonstrated that peel powder reduced the growth of yeasts and molds, and its extract inhibited Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas but not Escherichia coli. Substitution increased cake weight while decreasing height and volume due to high fiber content. Sensory evaluation showed that T1 achieved the highest acceptance, with scores comparable to the control, indicating good sensory quality. Overall, the findings suggest that incorporating banana peel powder into baked products is an effective and promising strategy to enhance nutritional value, extend shelf life, improve sustainability, and maintain desirable sensory properties, thereby offering a practical approach for food fortification and reducing environmental waste.
Las cáscaras de frutas y verduras se producen en grandes cantidades como residuos secundarios durante el procesamiento de alimentos, representando desafíos ambientales pese a sus valiosos nutrientes. Este estudio se diseñó para valorizar las cáscaras de plátano con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad nutricional y la vida útil de los productos horneados, (Ofreciendo y reduciendo el desperdicio ambiental). Se evaluaron los efectos de sustituir parcialmente la harina de trigo con polvo de cáscara de plátano seco y molido en niveles de 0% (T0), 10% (T1) y 20% (T2) sobre propiedades nutricionales, microbianas y sensoriales de pasteles. El análisis químico mostró que el polvo contiene fenoles (20,5 mg 100 g-1), flavonoides (9,2 mg 100 g-1), alcaloides (6,2 mg 100 g-1), taninos (6,5 mg 100 g-1), vitamina C (16,5 mg 100 g-1) y actividad antioxidante entre 24,89 y 89,99%. Es rico en proteínas, cenizas, grasas, fibra dietética (13,22 %) y minerales esenciales, siendo el potasio el más alto (3.850 %). La evaluación microbiana indicó que el polvo redujo levaduras y mohos e inhibió Staphylococcus y Pseudomonas, pero no Escherichia coli. La sustitución aumentó el peso del pastel y redujo altura y volumen por el alto contenido de fibra. La evaluación sensorial mostró que T1 tuvo la mayor aceptación, con puntuaciones similares al control. En general, los resultados indican que incorporar polvo de cáscara de plátano en productos horneados es una estrategia eficaz para mejorar el valor nutricional, extender la vida útil, mantener propiedades sensoriales deseables, Ofreciendo y reduciendo el desperdicio ambiental.
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