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Efficient In Vitro Micropropagation of Cinchona officinalis from Nodal Segments
Micropropagación in vitro eficiente de Cinchona officinalis a partir de segmentos nodales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v79.124867Keywords:
Conservation, Disinfection, in vitro culture, Rooting, Rubiaceae, Shoot proliferation (en)Conservación, Desinfección, Cultivo in vitro, Enraizamiento, Rubiaceae, Proliferación de brotes (es)
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Cinchona officinalis is an emblematic species of the tropical Andes that faces both anthropogenic and environmental pressures, highlighting the urgency of developing strategies for its conservation and propagation. This study aimed to develop and optimize micropropagation using nodal segments through three experiments. The first experiment evaluated disinfection using sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) at different concentrations: 0, 1.5, 2 and 2.5%. The second experiment examined the effect of combining indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on shoot proliferation, assessing shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL) and survival (%S). The third experiment investigated the influence of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on root development, measuring root number (RN), root length (RL), and rooting percentage (%E). The best disinfection results were obtained with 2% NaClO, which produced the best outcomes, achieving the lowest contamination rate (5.56%), reduced phenol release (33.33%), and the highest survival rate (61.11%). For shoot proliferation, 2.28 µM IAA combined with 5.33 µM BAP promoted both a higher number (2.5 shoots per plant) and length (23.5 mm per plant) of shoots. In the rooting phase, two treatments were particularly effective: 7.38 µM IBA + 5.37 µM NAA and 9.84 µM IBA + 8.06 µM NAA, yielding more roots (2.93 and 2.47 per plant) and increased root length (5.43 and 5.67 cm per plant, respectively). In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the micropropagation of C. officinalis from nodal segments is feasible, offering a practical approach for the conservation and propagation of the species, and providing a solid foundation for large-scale clonal reproduction.
Cinchona officinalis es una especie emblemática de los Andes tropicales que enfrenta presiones tanto antropogénicas como ambientales, lo que resalta la urgencia de desarrollar estrategias para su conservación y propagación. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y optimizar la micropropagación utilizando segmentos nodales a través de tres experimentos. El primer experimento evaluó la desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio (NaClO) a concentraciones de 0, 1,5, 2 y 2,5%. El segundo examinó el efecto de la combinación de ácido indol-3-acético (AIA) y 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP) en la proliferación de brotes, evaluando el número de brotes (SN), la longitud de brotes (SL) y la supervivencia (%S). El tercero investigó la influencia del ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) y el ácido naftalenoacético (ANA) en el desarrollo radicular, midiendo el número de raíces (RN), la longitud de raíces (LR) y el porcentaje de enraizamiento (%E). Los mejores resultados de desinfección se obtuvieron con 2% de NaClO, logrando la menor contaminación (5,56%), menor liberación de fenoles (33,33%) y la mayor tasa de supervivencia (61,11%). Para la proliferación de brotes, la combinación de 2,28 µM de AIA con 5,33 µM de BAP promovió un mayor número (2,5 brotes por planta) y longitud (23,5 mm por planta) de brotes. En la fase de enraizamiento, dos tratamientos fueron especialmente efectivos: 7,38 µM de AIB + 5,37 µM de ANA y 9,84 µM de AIB + 8,06 µM de ANA, obteniéndose un mayor número de raíces (2,93 y 2,47 por planta) y un incremento en la longitud radicular (5,43 y 5,67 cm por planta, respectivamente). En conclusión, se demostró que la micropropagación de C. officinalis a partir de segmentos nodales es viable, ofreciendo un enfoque práctico para la conservación y propagación de la especie, y proporcionando una base sólida para la reproducción clonal a gran escala.
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