Effect of probiotic strain addition on digestive organ growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs

Published

2016-07-01

Efecto de la adición de cepas probióticas sobre el crecimiento de órganos digestivos y la digestibilidad de nutrientes en cerdos en crecimiento.

Keywords:

Antibiotic, Weaning, Diarrhea, Digestion, Piglet (en)
Antibiótico, Destete, Diarrea, Digestión, Lechón (es)

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Authors

Santiago Londoño Pérez Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Jean-Paul Lallès Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
Jaime Parra Suescún Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Abstract (en)
Abstract (es)

Pigs are exposed to different types of stress. The growth-promoting antibiotics (GPA) used to counteract this stress generate residues in the final product and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms to the environment and humans. As an alternative to GPA, probiotic bacteria have been used to provide health benefits to these animals. This study aimed to determine the comparitive effect of probiotic strain addition on digestive organ growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. Eighty piglets weaned at 21 days were fed two diets: a commercial diet with and without antibiotic added. Different probiotics were added to the drinking water for pigs fed the antibiotic-free diets (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Enterococcus faecium). Thirty-five piglets were slaughtered sequentially at days 1, 15 and 30 post-weaning, and their digestive organs were extracted. Feces were also sampled by rectal collection at days 15, 30 and 45 post-weaning, in order to estimate apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients (indigestible marker). A significant increase was observed in the weight and development of digestive organs and in the nutrient digestibility percentages, especially for calcium and phosphorus, when comparing the animals that consumed E. faecium with those that consumed antibiotic. The addition of probiotic strains (especially E. faecium) can be considered as an alternative to the use of GPA when these strains are administered in pig diets during critical stages of their growth (post-weaning), since they improve the digestibility of economically and environmentally important nutrients including calcium and phosphorus, thus decreasing their release into the environment.

Los cerdos son sometidos a diferentes tipos de estrés y para prevenirlo, se han utilizado los antibióticos como promotores de crecimiento (APC), generando residuos en el producto final y microorganismos con resistencia a antibióticos en el medio ambiente y en humanos. Como alternativa al uso de APC, se han utilizado bacterias probióticas que aportan beneficios a la salud del animal. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto comparativo de la adición de cepas probióticas sobre el crecimiento de órganos digestivos y la digestibilidad de nutrientes en cerdos en crecimiento. Ochenta lechones destetados a los 21 días de edad fueron alimentados con dos dietas: dieta comercial con y sin la adición de antibiótico; a esta última se adicionaron los diferentes probióticos (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus o Enterococcus faecium) en el agua de bebida. Se sacrificaron 35 lechones escalonadamente los días 1, 15 y 30 posdestete, y se extrajeron órganos de importancia digestiva; además se tomaron muestras de heces por colección rectal los días 15, 30 y 45 posdestete para estimar los coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente de nutrientes (marcador indigestible). Se observó un aumento significativo en el peso y desarrollo de órganos digestivos, y en los porcentajes de digestibilidad de nutrientes, específicamente calcio y fósforo, al comparar animales que consumieron E. faecium con aquellos que consumieron antibiótico. La adición de cepas probióticas (especialmente E. faecium), puede ser considerada como una alternativa al uso de APC cuando son suministradas en dietas de cerdos en fases críticas de crecimiento (posdestete), ya que mejoran la digestibilidad de nutrientes de importancia económica y ambiental como calcio y fósforo, disminuyendo su liberación al medio ambiente.

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