Published
Correlations and path analysis between fruit characteristics and seeds of Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Correlaciones y análisis de sendero entre caracteres del fruto y semillas de Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Keywords:
Ornamental tree, Indirect selection, Forest genetic breeding, Genetic resources (en)Árbol ornamental, Selección indirecta, Mejoramiento genético forestal, Recursos genéticos (es)
Pachira aquatica Aubl. is an important fruit-ornamental tree of Sinú valley at risk of genetic erosion. The objective was to estimate correlations between fruit characteristics, seeds, and path analyses
for fresh fruit weight, for the purpose of genetic improvement. The treatments corresponded to 10 trees; 10 random fruits of each tree were taken. Analysis of variance were performed for fixed effects
models, correlations and path analysis among the variables: fresh fruit weight, fruit length, fruit peel weight, number of seed per fruit, weight of seed per fruit and weight and volume and density of a seed. Statistical differences between trees were presented for all the characteristics, except for volume of one seed. Genetic correlations were greater in magnitude (32.8%) and statistical significance than
phenotypic ones (29.7%). Seed weight showed high genetic correlation with seven characteristics (rG>0.53). The fresh fruit weight showed significant and direct genetic correlations with five variables, with correlation coefficients between 0.65* and 1.00**. The indirect effects explained the level of association between fruit length, seed/fruit weight, and percentage of seed/fruit with fresh fruit weight. The weight of peel/fruit exhibited greater direct and indirect effects on the fresh fruit weight in the two path analysis. It is possible to increase the weight of seed/fruit, weight and volume of a seed indirectly through the selection of trees with higher fresh fruit weight and/or peel/fruit weight, to improve yield and physiological quality of the seed.
Pachira aquatica Aubl. es un árbol frutal-ornamental importante del Valle del Sinú con riesgo de erosión genética. El objetivo fue estimar correlaciones entre características del fruto, semillas, y análisis de sendero para peso de fruto, con fines de mejoramiento genético. Los tratamientos correspondieron a 10 árboles; de cada uno se tomaron 10 frutos al azar. Se realizaron análisis de varianza para modelos de efectos fijos, correlaciones y análisis de sendero entre las variables: peso de fruto, largo de fruto, peso de cáscara del fruto, número de semillas/fruto, peso de semillas/fruto, porcentaje de semilla/fruto, y peso, volumen y densidad de una semilla. Se presentaron diferencias entre árboles en todas las características, excepto para volumen de una semilla. Las correlaciones genéticas resultaron mayores en magnitud (32,8%) y significancia estadística que las fenotípicas (29,7%). El peso de una semilla acusó alta correlación genética con siete características (rG>0,53). El peso fresco de fruto mostró correlaciones genéticas significativas y directas con cinco variables, con coeficientes de correlación entre 0,65* y 1,00**. Los efectos indirectos explicaron el nivel de asociación entre los caracteres largo de fruto, peso de semillas/fruto y porcentaje de semilla/fruto con peso fresco de fruto. El peso de cáscara/fruto exhibió mayores efectos directos e indirectos sobre el peso fresco del fruto en los análisis de sendero. Es posible aumentar el peso de semillas/fruto, peso y volumen de una semilla indirectamente, al seleccionar árboles con mayor peso fresco de fruto y/o peso de cáscara/fruto, para mejorar rendimiento y calidad fisiológica de la semilla.
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