Published
Parasitism of the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) chitwood in five wild Solanaceae species
Parasitismo del nematodo agallador de la raíz (Meloidogyne incognita) en cinco especies de solanáceas silvestres
Keywords:
Solanaceae, Resistance, Susceptibility, Tolerance, Nematode (en)Solanácea, Resistencia, Susceptibilidad, Tolerancia, Nematodo (es)
There is a high incidence of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita in several economically important species of Solanaceae. This nematode causes damage to the roots, leading even to the death of
the plant, causing economic losses for the producer. This research was carried out in greenhouse to assess the response of five species of wild Solanaceae (Solanum auriculatum, S.hirtum, S.hispidum,
S.arboreum and Nicotiana glauca) to the infestation of M. incognita was evaluated. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. The initial inoculum was obtained from infested roots of tree
tomato (S. betaceum Cav.), which was propagated in kidney tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) hibrid ‘Sheila’ which was used to inoculate the wild Solanaceae plus two susceptible controls (S. betaceum and S. quitoense) were inoculated with a dose of 2500 larvae. According to the reproduction factor of the nematode, S. arboreum, S. hirtum and N. glauca showed resistance because obtained values less than 1. In addition, S. hirtum (14.88) and N. glauca (22.67) showed the lowest number of root knots. In terms of foliage yield (dry weight), a response of tolerance was observed in all species except for the controls. It can be concluded that S. hirtum (compatible with S. quitoense - naranjilla) and N. glauca (compatible with S. betaceum - tree tomato) might be used as rootstocks of Solanaceae fruit crops of commercial importance in Ecuador, contributing to the integrated fruit production system.
Existe una alta incidencia del nematodo Meloidogyne incognita en varias especies Solanáceas de importancia económica. Este nematodo causa daño a las raíces, llevando incluso a la muerte
de la planta, causando pérdidas económicas para el productor. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en invernadero para evaluar la respuesta de cinco especies de solanáceas silvestres (Solanum
auriculatum, S. hirtum, S. hispidum, S. arboreum y Nicotiana glauca) a la infestación de M. incognita. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. Se obtuvo el inóculo inicial de raíces infestadas de tomate de árbol (S. betaceum Cav.), el cual se propagó en tomate riñón (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) híbrido ‘Sheila’ y se inoculó las Solanáceas silvestres más dos controles susceptibles (S. betaceum y S. quitoense) con una dosis de 2500 larvas. De acuerdo al factor de reproducción del nematodo, S. arboreum, S. hirtum y N. glauca presentaron resistencia porque obtuvieron valores menor a 1. Además, S. hirtum (14,88) y N. glauca (22,67) presentaron el menor número de agallas en las raíces. En términos de rendimiento de follaje (peso seco), se observó una respuesta de tolerancia en todas las especies excepto en las plantas control. Se puede concluir que S. hirtum (compatible
con S. quitoense - naranjilla) y N. glauca (compatible con tomate de árbol -S. betaceum) podrían ser utilizados como portainjertos de Solanáceas de importancia comercial en Ecuador.
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