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Mixture of glufosinate and atrazine for ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) control and its effect on seeds’ quality
Mezcla de glufosinato y atrazina para el control de raigrás (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) y su efecto en la calidad de semillas
Keywords:
Antagonism, glutamine synthetase inhibitor, Lolium multiflorum, photosystem II inhibitor (en)Antagonismo, inhibidores de la glutamina sintetasa, Lolium multiflorum, inhibidores del fotosistema II (es)
Ryegrass management has been difficult by the occurrence of resistant biotypes to several herbicides with different action mechanisms. Since herbicides mixes and rotations are an important alternative for resistant weed management, the objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction of the dose of the herbicides glufosinate and atrazine on ryegrass control and its seeds’ quality exposed to their association. For this study, three experiments were carried out using factorial design in field, laboratory, and greenhouse conditions. Two factors (A and B) were evaluated in each experiment, where factor A and B represented the doses of glufosinate and atrazine, respectively. Ryegrass control was evaluated in field experiment, while germination percentage and Emergence Speed Index (ESI), were obtained in laboratory and greenhouse analyses, respectively. The data were submitted to variance analysis (P≤0.05) and the significant results were analyzed through response surface graphs. For ryegrass control data, the effect of the interaction was analyzed by the Colby method; glufosinate provides efficient ryegrass control, but its association with atrazine reduces the efficiency, being characterized as an antagonism between molecules. Glufosinate herbicide application, independent of atrazine presence, reduced the ryegrass seeds quality at the post-flowering stage.
El manejo de raigrás es difícil debido a la ocurrencia de biotipos resistentes a diversos herbicidas con diferentes mecanismos de acción. Dado que la mezcla de herbicidas y sus rotaciones son una alternativa importante para el manejo de malezas resistentes, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la interacción de las dosis de los herbicidas glufosinato y atrazina para el control de raigrás y la calidad de sus semillas expuestas a su asociación. Se realizaron tres experimentos usando diseño factorial en condiciones de campo, laboratorio e invernadero. Dos factores (A y B) fueron evaluados en cada experimento, donde el factor A y B representaron las dosis de glufosinato y de atrazina, respectivamente. El control de raigrás fue evaluado en el experimento de campo, mientas que el porcentaje de germinación y el Índice de Velocidad de Emergencia (IVE) se determinaron en laboratorio e invernadero, respectivamente. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de la varianza (P≤0,05) y los resultados significativos fueron analizados a través de gráficos de superficie de respuesta. Para los datos de control, el efecto de las interacciones fue analizado por medio del método Colby; el glufosinato proporcionó un eficiente control de raigrás, pero su asociación con atrazina reduce su eficacia, siendo caracterizando como antagonismo entre moléculas. La aplicación del herbicida glufosinato, independiente de la presencia de atrazina, redujo la calidad de las semillas de raigrás en la fase de post-floración.
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