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Dietary effects on pH, temperature and ruminal methane emission by Holstein cows
Efectos de la dieta sobre el pH, la temperatura y la emisión de metano ruminales en vacas Holstein
Keywords:
MQ4 sensor, Forage, Balanced diet (en)Sensor MQ4, Forraje, Dieta balanceada (es)
The objective of this research was to estimate the production of ruminal methane in different prandial periods in fistulated Holstein adult cows and to evaluate the effect on methane production due to different diets commonly used in dairy cattle in an east region of Antioquia (Colombia). For this porpoise two different diets were evaluated on each cow; one of them was fed with forage Cenchrus clandestinus, the second one was fed with the same diet with an addition of 4 kg of commercial balanced feed/day. During seven days in periods of six hours, pH and temperature were measured in samples of ruminal fluid as well as methane emissions sing a MQ4 gas sensor. As results must be said that forage based diet resulted in a major methane production, presenting the maximum concentration two hours after feeding and the minimum at six hours. Ruminal pH was directly affected by the diet; the lower value was found in the mixed based diet. There was no evidence of any effect of the diet on the ruminal mean temperature. Can be concluded that forage based diet resulted on a major production of methane compared to the mixed diet, this was also associated to pH changes but not to ruminal temperature. Although it is not possible to associate the production of methane to specific diet components. The food or supplements associated to changing pH values during the day may play a key role in the reduction of methane emissions and bovine energetic efficiency.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar la producción de metano ruminal en diferentes períodos prandiales con dos dietas características de la lechería del oriente de Antioquia (Colombia) en vacas Holstein adultas fistuladas sobre la producción de dicho gas. Para tal efecto se evaluaron dos dietas diferentes para cada vaca; una fue alimentada con forraje Cenchrus clandestinus, y la otra con forraje más 4 kg de alimento balanceado comercial por día. Durante siete días en períodos de seis horas se midió el pH y la temperatura del líquido ruminal; igualmente sus emisiones de metano usando un sensor MQ4. En cuanto a los resultados principales se puede informar que la dieta basada en forraje generó mayor producción de metano, presentando la máxima concentración dos horas después de la alimentación y la mínima concentración a las seis horas. El pH ruminal fue afectado directamente por la dieta; el menor valor se halló en la dieta mixta. No hubo evidencia de efecto alguno de la dieta sobre la temperatura media ruminal. Se concluye que la dieta basada en forraje produjo más metano comparada con la dieta mixta, lo cual se asoció también con cambios de pH, más no de temperatura. Sin embargo, no es posible asociar la producción de metano con componentes específicos de la dieta. Los alimentos o suplementos nutricionales asociados a valores de pH cambiantes durante el día pueden jugar un rol importante en la emisión de metano y en la eficiencia energética bovina.
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