Effect of different application forms of efficient microorganisms on the agricultural productive of two bean cultivars
Efecto de diferentes formas de aplicación de microorganismos eficientes en la productividad agronómica de dos cultivares de fríjol
Keywords:
Biofertilizer, foliar application, soil inoculation, yield (en)Biofertilizante, Aplicación foliar, inoculación al suelo, rendimiento (es)
The use of Efficient Microorganisms (EM) can be an effective alternative to improve plant growth and yield in the bean cultivation. Therefore, different forms of application of efficient microorganisms were evaluated in the production of two cultivars of the common bean from November of 2013 to March of 2014. Two factors were studied; the first one was comprised of the two cultivars, Velazco Largo (VL) and Cuba Cueto (CC-25-9-N). The second factor consisted of four treatments with EM; without EM (control), soil inoculation (100 mL L-1), foliage applications (100 mL L-1), and the combined soil inoculation (100 mL L-1) plus foliar applications (100 mL L-1). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in factorial outline 2×4, with three repetitions. The agronomic indicators were evaluated as the number of leaves per plant, the height of plants, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, the mass of 100 seeds (g) and the yield (t ha-1). The results showed that the different forms of application of efficient microorganisms stimulated the agronomic indicators evaluated in both crops. The associated applications between the inoculation of the soil and foliage applications of efficient microorganisms provided better results, producing increments in the yield of 1.13 t ha-1 in VL and 2.15 t ha-1 in CC-25-9-N.
El uso de Microorganismos Eficientes (ME) puede ser una alternativa efectiva para mejorar el crecimiento y el rendimiento del cultivo de fríjol. Por lo tanto, fueron evaluadas diferentes formas de aplicación de microorganismos eficientes en la producción de dos cultivares de fríjol común, de noviembre de 2013 a marzo de 2014. Se estudiaron dos factores, el primero conformado por dos cultivares de fríjol común, Velazco Largo (VL) y Cuba Cueto (CC-25-9-N), y el segundo compuesto por cuatro tratamientos con ME; sin ME (0), inoculación al suelo (100 mL L-1), aplicaciones foliares (100 mL L-1) y la inoculación al suelo (100 mL L-1) más aplicaciones foliares (100 mL L-1), distribuidos en un diseño en bloques al azar, en esquema factorial 2×4, con tres repeticiones. Fueron evaluados los siguientes indicadores agronómicos, número de hojas por planta, altura de las plantas, número vainas por planta, número de semillas por vaina, masa de 100 semillas (g) y el rendimiento (t ha-1). Los resultados mostraron que las diferentes formas de aplicación de microorganismos eficientes estimularon los indicadores agronómicos evaluados en ambos cultivares, siendo la aplicación asociada entre la inoculación al suelo y aplicaciones foliares de microorganismos eficientes la que proporcionó mayores resultados al producir incrementos en el rendimiento de 1,13 t ha-1 en VL y 2,15 t ha-1 en CC-25-9-N.
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