Effect of a total substitution of vegetable protein and phosphates on shrinkage by cooking and purging in chopped york ham
Efecto de la sustitución total de la proteína vegetal y de los fosfatos sobre las mermas por cocción y las purgas en jamones de cerdo picados tipo york
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n3.80131Keywords:
Brine, Clean labeling, Citrus fiber, Meat products, Polyphosphates (en)Salmuera, Etiquetado limpio, Fibra cítrica, Productos cárnicos, Polifosfatos (es)
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The trend with the most significant impact on food is currently clean labeling, and meat products are not exempt from it. This trend promotes the elimination of additives of inorganic origin and their replacement by natural ingredients in the formulation of products. In the present work, the effects of the total substitution of polyphosphate and vegetable protein for citric fiber and hydrolyzed pork collagen in chopped pork York ham, with an extension of 52.9% at the end of cooking, were evaluated to achieve clean labeling. Two treatments were performed with two types of brine, which had a citrus fiber A and a citrus fiber B as phosphate replacements. Additionally, as a vegetable protein replacement, the same hydrolyzed pork collagen was used for both treatments. Tumbler massaging was made to allow correcting protein extraction, then it was subjected to heat treatment by immersion in hot water at 80 °C. It was concluded that the ham made with citric fiber B and hydrolyzed pork collagen obtained better results in texture, syneresis, sensory analysis and cooking losses, with no significant differences with the standard.
La tendencia de mayor impacto en alimentos actualmente es la del etiquetado limpio, y los productos cárnicos no están exentos de ella. Esta tendencia lo que promueve es la eliminación de aditivos de origen inorgánico para ser reemplazados por ingredientes naturales en la formulación de los productos. En el presente trabajo, se evaluaron los efectos que tuvo la sustitución total de polifosfatos y proteína vegetal por fibra cítrica y colágeno hidrolizado de cerdo en jamones de cerdo picados tipo york, con una extensión de 52.9% al final de cocción, con el fin de alcanzar la limpieza de la etiqueta. Se hicieron dos tratamientos con dos tipos de salmuera, las cuales tenían como reemplazante de fosfatos, una fibra cítrica A y una fibra cítrica B; adicionalmente como reemplazante de proteína vegetal se utilizó el mismo colágeno hidrolizado de cerdo para ambos tratamientos. Se llevó a cabo masajeo en tombler para permitir correcta extracción de proteína y tratamiento térmico por inmersión en agua caliente a 80 °C. Se concluyó que el jamón al que se le aplicó fibra cítrica B junto con el colágeno hidrolizado de cerdo, obtuvo mejores resultados en textura, sinéresis, análisis sensorial y mermas por cocción, sin presentar diferencias significativas con el control.
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