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In vitro Multiplication of Iraca palm (Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón)
Multiplicación in vitro de palma de iraca (Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón)
Keywords:
Auxins, Handicrafts, in vitro culture, Micropropagation, Panama Hat (en)Auxinas, Artesanías, Cultivo in vitro, Micropropagación, Sombrero de panamá (es)
Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón is a plant that belongs to the Cyclanthaceae family. Its commercial interest is related to the production of fibers for the manufacture of handicrafts, mainly the Panama hat, so it is important to study its propagation. This investigation aimed to determine the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in the formation of new shoots and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in the formation of roots, as well as the adaptation in greenhouse conditions of Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón. In order to find the optimal multiplication rate, 0.5 cm length explants were planted in glass jars with 15 mL of semisolid MS with different concentrations of BAP and cultured under in vitro conditions for 90 days. The multiplication parameters in this stage were number of shoots per explant (NSE), length of shoots (LS), and length of roots (LR) as multiplication parameters. In a similar procedure, the number of roots per explant (NRE), length of roots (LR), and length of plantlets (LP) was determined using different concentrations of NAA. Finally, different substrates were evaluated for the adaptation of plantlets of C. palmata produced in vitro, under greenhouse conditions for 80 days. The highest multiplication rate (17±3 shoots per explant) was obtained with 2.0 mg L-1 of BAP. Root formation occurred efficiently in all treatments, without significant statistical differences between them. On the other hand, the use of substrate soil-t15 was the best treatment for the growth of C. palmata under greenhouse conditions. From the results obtained, it is concluded that C. palmata can be efficiently multiplied under in vitro conditions and did not present problems during the in vivo rooting process.
Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón es una planta que pertenece a la familia Cyclanthaceae. Su interés comercial se relaciona con la producción de fibras para la elaboración de artesanías principalmente el sobrero de Panamá, por lo que es importante estudiar su propagación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de la concentración de 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP) en la formación de nuevos brotes y de ácido 1-naftalenacético (NAA) en la formación de raíces, así como, la adaptación en condiciones de vivero de Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón. Para determinar la tasa de multiplicación óptima, se sembraron explantes de 0.5 cm de longitud en frascos de vidrio con 15 mL de MS semisólido en diferentes concentraciones de BAP y se cultivó bajo condiciones in vitro durante 90 días, obteniendo el número de brotes por explante (NSE), longitud de brotes (LS) y longitud de raíces (LR) como parámetros de multiplicación. En un procedimiento similar, el número de raíces por explante (NRE), longitud de raíces (LR) y longitud de las plántulas (LP), fueron determinadas usando diferentes concentraciones de NAA. Finalmente se evaluaron diferentes sustratos en la adaptación de plántulas de C. palmata producidas in vitro, bajo condiciones de invernadero por un periodo de 80 días. La tasa de multiplicación más alta (17±3 brotes por explante) fue obtenida con 2.0 mg L-1 de BAP. La formación de raíces se dio eficientemente en todos los tratamientos, sin diferencias estadísticas significativas entre estos. Por otra parte, el uso del sustrato suelo-t15 fue el mejor tratamiento en el crecimiento de plántulas C. palmata, bajo condiciones de invernadero. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que C. palmata puede multiplicarse eficientemente con técnicas de cultivo in vitro, y no presentó problemas durante el proceso de enraizamiento bajo condiciones in vivo.
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