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Physiological adaptation indicators of three Colombian Creole cattle breeds
Indicadores fisiológicos de adaptación en tres razas de bovinos criollos colombianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.95718Keywords:
Stress, Colombian creole cattle, climate change, ITH, HLI (en)adaptación, bovinos criollos, cambio climático, índice de carga calórica (es)
The present study aimed to determine the physiological response and its relationship with the caloric impact (stress) index of three breeds of Colombian Creole cattle (Hartón del Valle, Blanco Orejinegro y Sanmartinero). These breeds have been considered adapted to low-tropical conditions and important to the sustainable meat and milk production in Colombia. To determine two heat tolerance indexes and two hormones and their relationship to the physiological response to heat stress in three Colombian Creole cattle breeds, Pearson’s correlation methodology and mean comparison study were used. The adaptability indexes such as temperature-humidity index (ITH) and heat load index (HLI) and cortisol and T3 hormones were estimated and subsequently, the indexes were correlated with the hormones using the Pearson methodology, also the mean comparison study was used. Physiological variables were analyzed such as heart rate, respiratory rate, rumen patterns, and rectal temperature; during the study, serum concentrations of cortisol and triiodothyronine hormones were detected in seven different instances during the rainy season in the Piedemonte Llanero. ITH and HLI were used as indicators of thermal compensation. The HLI appeared to be a better indicator when the environmental conditions included wind speed and solar radiation. No variations were found between the breeds (P≥0.05), while the measurement periods did show variations (P≤0.05). It may conclude that the HLI provides better information to study physiological parameters and it may confirm that the animals are considered adapted to the conditions of the local environment.
Se determinó la respuesta fisiológica y su relación con el índice de impacto (estrés) calórico en tres razas de bovinos criollos colombianos (Hartón del Valle, Blanco Orejinegro y Sanmartinero). Dichas razas son consideradas adaptadas a las condiciones de trópico bajo e importantes para la producción de carne y leche en Colombia. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar dos índices de tolerancia al calor y dos hormonas y su relación con la respuesta fisiológica al estrés calórico en tres razas criollas colombianas usando análisis de correlación y comparación de medias. Los índices de adaptabilidad ITH y HLI, las hormonas cortisol y T3 se estimaron y estos se correlacionaron con las hormonas y se compararon las medias. Se analizaron las variables fisiológicas: frecuencia cardíaca, respiratoria y ruminal y, temperatura rectal; igualmente se determinaron las concentraciones séricas de las hormonas cortisol y triyodotironina, en siete momentos en la época de lluvias en el Piedemonte Llanero. El índice de temperatura y humedad (ITH) y el índice de carga calórica (HLI) fueron empleados como indicadores de compensación térmica. El HLI mostró mejor relación con las condiciones ambientales al incluir el índice la velocidad del viento y la radiación solar. No se encontraron variaciones entre los grupos raciales (P≥0,05), mientras que los periodos de medición sí presentaron variaciones (P≤0,05). Se concluye que el HLI proporciona mejor información para el estudio de los parámetros fisiológicos y éstos reflejan la adaptación de los animales a las condiciones del medio.
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1. Raúl Andrés Molina-Benavides, Sandra Milena Perilla-Duque, Rómulo Campos-Gaona, Hugo Sánchez-Guerrero, Juan Camilo Rivera-Palacio, Luis Armando Muñoz-Borja, Daniel Ricardo Jiménez-Rodas. (2023). Effect of climate on thermal response in cows of different racial groups in lower tropic. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 28(3), p.e2921. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.2921.
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