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Postharvest behavior and chilling injury in avocado (Persea americana Mill) fruit cv. Hass treated with 1-methylcyclopropene, ethylene, and intermittent warming
Comportamiento poscosecha y daños por frío en frutos de aguacate (Persea americana Mill) cv. Hass tratado con 1-metilciclopropeno, etileno y calentamiento intermitente
Keywords:
Chilling injury, Postharvest quality , Ripening, Shelf-life (en)Daño por frío , Calidad poscosecha, Maduración, Vida útil (es)
Persea americana, cv. Hass has become an important crop in Colombia due to increased exports to European markets; however, the avocado is a climacteric fruit sensitive to chilling injury, reducing its shelf-life and affecting commercialization abroad. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene, ethylene, and intermittent warming on chilling injury and postharvest behavior of avocado cv. Hass. Five treatments were evaluated: Control; Intermittent warming cycles of 4 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; Intermittent warming cycles of 7 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; 1-methylcyclopropene, and ethylene. The fruits were stored for 29 days at 2 °C and then up to 14 days in the shelf-life period. The intermittent warming treatment 4-days cycles reduced chilling injuries. However, this treatment increased weight loss, respiration, epidermal color index, and electrolyte leakage during the storage period at 2 °C. Intermittent warming showed that Hass avocado fruit ripens faster, regardless of the application of ethylene in the shelf-life period. The results indicated that intermittent warming reduced the chilling injury, the treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene delayed ripening but it is not recommended for avocado cv. Hass when stored at 2 °C because the chilling injury is not reduced.
Persea americana, cv. Hass se ha convertido en un cultivo importante en Colombia debido al aumento de las exportaciones a los mercados europeos; sin embargo, el aguacate es una fruta climatérica sensible al daño por frío, que tiende a reducir su vida útil, afectando la comercialización en el exterior. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del 1-methylcyclopropene, el etileno y el calentamiento intermitente sobre el daño por frío y el comportamiento poscosecha del aguacate cv. Hass. Se evaluaron cinco tratamientos: Control; Calentamiento intermitente: ciclos de 4 dias a 2 °C +1 dia a 18 °C; Calentamiento intermitente: ciclos de 7 dias a 2 °C + 1 día a 18 °C; 1-methylcyclopropeno, y etileno. Los frutos se almacenaron durante 29 días a 2 °C y luego hasta 14 días en el período de vida útil. El tratamiento de calentamiento intermitente con ciclos de 4 días redujo los daños por frío. Sin embargo, este tratamiento aumentó la pérdida de peso, la respiración, el índice de color de la epidermis y la fuga de electrolitos durante el período de almacenamiento a 2 °C. El calentamiento intermitente generó una maduración más rápida del fruto de aguacate Hass, independientemente de la aplicación de etileno en el período de vida útil. Los resultados indicaron que el calentamiento intermitente redujo el daño por frío, el tratamiento con 1-methylcyclopropene retrasó la maduración pero no se recomienda para el aguacate cv. Hass almacenado a 2 °C porque no se reduce el daño por frío.
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