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Artificial neural networks in the retention of anthocyanins and total phenolics in the osmotic pre-treatment of Biloxi variety blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) jam
Redes neuronales artificiales en la retención de antocianinas y fenoles totales en el pre-tratamiento osmótico de mermelada de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) variedad Biloxi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v77n3.107488Keywords:
Artificial intelligent, Machine learning , Multiple-response, Single-response (en)Inteligencia artificial, Aprendizaje de máquina, Múltiple-respuesta, Simple-respuesta (es)
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Blueberries are a fruit that is an important source of bioactive components beneficial to the human diet, such as anthocyanins and total phenolics, which are altered by the use of high temperatures during processing. This study aimed to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks in the optimization of sucrose concentration and time for the osmotic pre-treatment of blueberries of the Biloxi variety, to retain the greatest amount of anthocyanins and total phenolics in the subsequent preparation of jam. Artificial neural networks of the feedforward type were used, with a Backpropagation training algorithm with Levenberg-Marquardt weight adjustment, to achieve the optimal predicted combination that maximizes the retention of these bioactive components. The model achieved its best performance with 11 neurons in the hidden layer, achieving an R2 coefficient of 0.98 and a mean square error of 4.76, indicating a strong ability for generalization. Artificial neural networks allowed to obtain the best optimal combination of predicted multiple responses of factors consisting of a sucrose concentration of 1.64 M and a time of 211.52 min, which retained a higher content of total monomeric anthocyanins with 70.98 mg cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 100 g-1 of jam and total phenolics with 110.54 mg GAE g-1 of jam. On the other hand, through single-response optimization was obtained that the combination of experimental factors that maximized total anthocyanins (71.59 mg cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 100 g-1 of jam) was 1.54 M of sucrose and 232.73 min and for total phenols (111.06 mg GAE g-1 of jam) 1.79 M of sucrose and 196.36 min. The use of artificial neural networks is an excellent alternative for modeling phenomena, compared to traditional methods.
El arándano es un fruto que posee una fuente importante de componentes bioactivos beneficiosos para la dieta humana, como las antocianinas y fenoles totales, que se ven alterados por el uso de temperaturas altas durante el procesamiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de redes neuronales artificiales en la optimización de la concentración de sacarosa y el tiempo para el pretratamiento osmótico de arándanos de la variedad Biloxi, con la finalidad de retener la mayor cantidad de antocianinas y componentes fenólicos totales en la elaboración posterior de mermelada. Se utilizó redes neuronales artificiales del tipo feedfoward, con algoritmo de entrenamiento de Backpropagation con ajuste de pesos de Levenberg-Marquardt para lograr la combinación óptima predicha que maximice la retención de estos componentes bioactivos. El modelo logró su mejor rendimiento con 11 neuronas en la capa oculta, logrando un coeficiente R2 de 0,98 y un error cuadrático medio de 4,76; lo que indica una gran capacidad de generalización. Las redes neuronales artificiales permitieron obtener la mejor combinación de los factores experimentales - concentración de sacarosa (1,64 M) y tiempo (211,52 min)- que maximizaron los contenidos de antocianinas monoméricas totales (70,98 mg cianidina-3-Oglucósido 100 g-1) y fenoles totales (110,54 mg AGE g-1) presentes en mermelada. En cambio, mediante optimización de respuesta se obtuvo que la combinación de factores experimentales que maximizó las antocianinas totales (71,59 mg cianidina-3-O-glucósido 100 g-1 de mermelada) fue 1,54 M de sacarosa y 232,73 min y para fenoles totales (111,06 mg GAE g-1 de mermelada) 1,79 M y 196,36 min. El uso de redes neuronales artificiales es una excelente alternativa para modelar fenómenos, en comparación con los métodos tradicionales.
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