Case report: Hepatozoon sp. in a canine in Bogotá
Reporte de caso: Hepatozoon sp. en un canino en Bogotá
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v71n3.111992Keywords:
hemoparasites, imidocarb, Colombia, emerging risk (en)hemoparásitos, imidocarb, Colombia, riesgo emergente (es)
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This case report describes a diagnosis of hepatozoonosis in Bogotá in a one-year-old mixed-breed female dog, successfully treated with imidocarb dipropionate. The patient initially presented with persistent cough, organomegaly, poor body condition, and mucosal pallor. A complete blood count revealed normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperglobulinemia, suggesting hemoparasitism as the primary differential diagnosis. Hepatozoon sp. was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), leading to the initiation of specific treatment with imidocarb dipropionate, supplemented with atropine and doxycycline to target potential coinfections. Clinical and hematological follow-up showed significant improvement, with resolution of anemia and thrombocytopenia. This case highlights the importance of including Hepatozoon canis in the differential diagnoses in areas above 2,600 meters above sea level, particularly in dogs from shelters, due to the risk of underdiagnosis in non-endemic areas and the potential for vertical transmission. The occurrence of hepatozoonosis in Bogotá suggests an emerging risk for the region, emphasizing the need to disseminate this case along with the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches used. In this context, the availability of molecular tools, such as PCR, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management of this infection in newly affected areas.
Este reporte de caso describe un diagnóstico de hepatozoonosis en Bogotá en una hembra canina mestiza de un año tratada exitosamente con dipropionato de imidocarb. La paciente presentó inicialmente tos persistente, organomegalia, condición corporal baja y palidez de las mucosas. Tras realizar un hemograma, se detectó anemia normocítica normocrómica, trombocitopenia e hiperglobulinemia, lo que sugirió hemoparasitismo como primer diagnóstico diferencial. La confirmación de Hepatozoon sp. mediante PCR permitió iniciar un tratamiento específico con dipropionato de imidocarb, complementado con atropina y doxiciclina dirigida contra posibles coinfecciones. El seguimiento clínico y hematológico mostró una notable mejoría, con resolución de la anemia y la trombocitopenia. Este caso resalta la importancia de incluir Hepatozoon canis en los diagnósticos diferenciales en zonas de altitud superior a los 2.600 m s. n. m., particularmente en caninos provenientes de refugios, debido al riesgo de subdiagnóstico en áreas no endémicas y la posibilidad de transmisión vertical. La aparición de hepatozoonosis en Bogotá sugiere un riesgo emergente para la región, lo que subraya la necesidad de divulgar este caso junto con los métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos empleados. En este contexto, la disponibilidad de herramientas moleculares, como la PCR, es crucial para un diagnóstico preciso y un manejo adecuado de esta infección en zonas de reciente incidencia.
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