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Patients assessed using teleconsultation due to high blood pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tucumán (Argentina)
Pacientes valorados mediante teleconsulta por presión arterial elevada durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Tucumán (Argentina)
Palabras clave:
Telemedicine, Blood pressure, COVID-19 Pandemic, Heart disease risk factors (en)Telemedicina, Presión arterial, Pandemia de COVID-19, Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiaca (es)
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Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a notable increase in the use of telemedicine as an alternative to provide healthcare services. In this context, the Virtual Cardiology Service of the Sistema Provincial de Salud (SIPROSA for its acronym in Spanish) of Tucumán, Argentina, was created.
Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with or without a prior diagnosis of high blood pressure (HBP and non-HBP, respectively) who were assessed through teleconsultation at the Virtual Cardiology Service of the SIPROSA during the COVID-19 pandemic due to high blood pressure (BP) levels.
Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 275 patients (HBP=167; non-HBP=108) assessed at the Virtual Cardiology Service between July and September 2021. Bivariate analyses (ANOVA, Student's t-test and chi square test) were performed to determine differences between groups (HBP vs. non-HBP) according to sex. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to establish the correlation between age and body mass index; systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure values; and the number of antihypertensive drugs used.
Results: Patient’s mean age was 48±1 years, 69.45% were women, 61.81% had some degree of obesity, 22.91% were on a low-sodium diet, and 48.36% presented with at least one of the considered risk factors (RF) for heart disease (diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking). In the HBP group, the average number of antihypertensive drugs used was 1.2, and age was correlated with SBP values in both women (r: 0.2631; p<0.01) and men (r: -0.3440; p<0.05).
Conclusions: A high prevalence of obesity was found and almost half of participants presented with at least one RF. In the HBP group, most patients used only one antihypertensive drug and were not or did not know if they were on a low-sodium diet. Finally, a high percentage of patients without HBP used the Virtual Cardiology Service.
Introducción. Durante la pandemia por COVID-19 el uso de la telemedicina aumentó considerablemente como una alternativa para prestar atención en salud. En este contexto surgió el Consultorio Virtual de Cardiología del Sistema Provincial de Salud de Tucumán, Argentina (SIPROSA).
Objetivo. Describir las características de pacientes con o sin diagnóstico previo de hipertensión arterial (HTA y no-HTA, respectivamente) que fueron valorados mediante teleconsulta en el Consultorio Virtual de Cardiología del SIPROSA durante la pandemia por COVID-19 debido a valores elevados de presión arterial (PA).
Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal descriptivo realizado en 275 pacientes (HTA=167; no-HTA=108) atendidos en el Consultorio Virtual de Cardiología del SIPROSA entre julio y septiembre de 2021. Se realizaron análisis bivariados (ANOVA, prueba t-Student y prueba χ2) para determinar diferencias entre grupos (HTA vs. No-HTA) según el sexo. Además, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para establecer la correlación entre, por un lado, la edad y el índice de masa corporal, y, por otro, valores de presión arterial sistólica (PAS), presión arterial diastólica y presión diferencial, y el número de medicamentos antihipertensivos usados.
Resultados. El promedio de edad fue 48±1 años, 69.45% de los pacientes eran mujeres, 61.81% tenía algún grado de obesidad, 22.91% seguía una dieta hiposódica y 48.36% tenía al menos uno de los factores de riesgo (FR) de enfermedad cardiaca considerados (diabetes, dislipemia, tabaquismo). En el grupo HTA, el promedio de medicamentos antihipertensivos usados fue de 1.2 y la edad se correlacionó con los valores de PAS en mujeres (r: 0.2631; p<0.01) y hombres (r: -0.3440; p<0.05).
Conclusiones. Se encontró una alta prevalencia de obesidad y que casi la mitad de los participantes tenía al menos un FR. En el grupo HTA, la mayoría de pacientes solo usaba un fármaco antihipertensivo y no realizaba o no sabía si realizaba dieta hiposódica. Finalmente, un alto porcentaje de pacientes sin HTA usaron el servicio.
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