Depresión en ancianos

Publicado

2009-10-01

Depression in elderly

Palabras clave:

depresión, anciano, terapia tratamiento. (es)
depression, aged, therapeutics, treatment. (en)

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Autores/as

Diana Marcela Peña-Solano Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
María Isabel Herzo-Dilson Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
José Manuel Calvo-Gómez Profesor Asociado, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.

Resumen (es)
Resumen (en)

La depresión en personas mayores de 65 años tiene una alta prevalencia y produce un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida. Dentro de los factores de riesgo se destacan: duelo, trastornos del sueño, discapacidad, episodio depresivo previo, género femenino, demencia y condiciones médicas crónicas. Los ancianos deprimidos muestran menos ánimo triste, más ansiedad y más quejas somáticas que los jóvenes con la misma patología. El pronóstico es en general pobre, pues este trastorno en los ancianos presenta mayor tasa de recaídas y mayor mortalidad general que en las personas de otras edades. La selección del tratamiento farmacológico requiere la individualización del paciente, la consideración de sus condiciones médicas asociadas y una cuidadosa evaluación del perfil de efectos adversos e interacciones medicamentosas. En este artículo se hace una revisión de la literatura, centrada en los aspectos clínicos concernientes a la epidemiología, diagnóstico, pronóstico y tratamiento de este trastorno, apoyada en las bases de datos electrónicas Medline y Lilacs.

Depression in people older than 65 years has a high prevalence and a negative impact on quality of life. Among the risk factors for this are: bereavement, sleep disturbance, disability, prior depressive episode, female gender, dementia and chronic medical conditions. The depressed elderly show less sad mood, more anxiety and somatic complaints that depressed young patients. The prognosis is generally poor, because the disorder in the elderly has increased relapse rate, increased risk of death from suicide and overall mortality compared with people of other ages. Also is frequent comorbidity with other medical illnesses and with other psychiatric disorders, which further dims the prognosis. The selection of drug treatment requires the individualization of patient, beware of their associated medical conditions, possible drug interactions and careful evaluation of the adverse effect profile. This article is a literature review focusing on clinical aspects concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of this disorder, for which an electronic consultation was done in Medline and Lilacs.

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Citas

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Derechos de autor 2009 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.