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Fatores associados à síndrome metabólica entre adultos com diabetes: estudo transversal na atenção primária
Factors associated with metabolic syndrome among adults with diabetes: cross-sectional study in primary care
Factores asociados al síndrome metabólico en adultos con diabetes: estudio transversal en atención primaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v26n5.111094Palabras clave:
Atenção primária à saúde, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, síndrome metabólica (pt)Primary health care, diabetes mellitus type 2, metabolic syndrome (en)
Atención primaria de salud, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, síndrome metabólico (es)
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Objetivo Investigar a prevalência e fatores associados à Síndrome Metabólica (SM) em adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) que participaram de uma intervenção educativa de promoção à saúde.
Métodos O estudo utilizou uma amostra composta por 70 indivíduos com DM2 e SM, sendo a média de idade de 48,67±7,91 anos, e 82,9% das participantes eram mulheres.
Resultados Observou-se que a mediana de critérios simultâneos para a SM foi de 4,00 (intervalo de 3,00 a 5,00). Ao analisar o número de componentes simultâneos da SM, verificou-se que aqueles com mais de três componentes apresentaram uma prevalência maior de obesidade (p=0,031). Além disso, indivíduos com cinco componentes da SM tiveram maior incidência de pressão arterial sistólica elevada e níveis elevados de triglicerídeos (90,0%, p=0,005; 100%, p=0,002, respectivamente). Os componentes mais prevalentes, independentemente da estratificação, foram glicemia de jejum elevada (n=65, 92,9%), circunferência abdominal aumentada (n=63, 90,0%) e baixa concentração de HDL-c (n=56, 80,0%).
Conclusão Foram estabelecidas associações significativas entre o número de critérios da SM e a presença de obesidade, glicemia elevada, pressão arterial sistólica elevada e níveis elevados de triglicerídeos em adultos diabéticos com SM em um centro de saúde de atenção primária.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) who participated in an educational intervention to promote health.
Methods The study used a sample of 70 individuals with DM2 and MS, with a mean age of 48.67±7.91 years, and 82.9% of participants were women.
Results It was observed that the median of simultaneous criteria for MS was 4.00 (range 3.00 to 5.00). When analyzing the number of simultaneous MS components, it was found that those with more than three components had a higher prevalence of obesity (p=0.031). In addition, individuals with five components of MS had a higher incidence of high systolic blood pressure and high triglyceride levels (90.0%, p=0.005; 100%, p=0.002, respectively). The most prevalent components, regardless of stratification, were high fasting glucose (n=65, 92.9%), increased waist circumference (n=63, 90.0%) and low concentration of HDL-c (n=56, 80.0%).
Conclusion Significant associations were established between the number of MS criteria and the presence of obesity, high blood glucose, high systolic blood pressure and high triglyceride levels in diabetic adults with MS at a primary care health center.
Objetivo Investigar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al síndrome metabólico (SM) en adultos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) que participaron de una intervención educativa para promover la salud. Métodos El estudio utilizó una muestra de 70 individuos con DM2 y SM, con una edad media de 48,67±7,91 años, y el 82,9% de los participantes eran mujeres.
Resultados Se observó que la mediana de criterios simultáneos para SM fue de 4,00 (rango 3,00 a 5,00). Al analizar el número de componentes simultáneos del SM, se encontró que aquellos con más de tres componentes tuvieron mayor prevalencia de obesidad (p=0,031). Además, los individuos con cinco componentes del SM tuvieron una mayor incidencia de presión arterial sistólica elevada y niveles elevados de triglicéridos (90,0%, p=0,005; 100%, p=0,002, respectivamente). Los componentes más prevalentes, independientemente de la estratificación, fueron niveles elevados de glucosa en ayunas (n=65, 92,9%), aumento de la circunferencia de la cintura (n=63, 90,0%) y baja concentración de HDL-c (n=56, 80,0%).
Conclusión Se establecieron asociaciones significativas entre el número de criterios de SM y la presencia de obesidad, glucemia elevada, presión arterial sistólica elevada y niveles elevados de triglicéridos en adultos diabéticos con EM en un centro de salud de atención primaria.
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