Publicado

2023-07-01

Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016

Patrones espaciotemporales y factores asociados de leishmaniasis en Colombia, 2008-2016

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936

Palabras clave:

Visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, Colombia, epidemiology (en)
Leishmaniasis visceral, leishmaniasis cutánea, Colombia, epidemiología (es)

Descargas

Autores/as

Objective To analyze the space-time aspects and epidemiological characteristics of leishmaniasis in Colombia from 2008 to 2016.

Methodology This was an cross-sectional and ecological study of the morbidity and mortality from leishmaniasis and its spatial, temporal, and socio-demographic associated factors based on reported cases of ACL and VL obtained from the National Public Health Surveillance System (Sivigila) of the Ministry of Health of Colombia.

Results In all, 99,503 cases of leishmaniasis were reported in Colombia in the 9-year period (2008–2016), where ACL accounted for 99.78% of the cases, with 14 deaths, and VL accounted for 0.21% of the cases, with four deaths. People living in the rural areas were the most affected by both forms of leishmaniasis. In the spatial analysis, ACL was widely distributed in Colombian territory, but the patterns of occurrence were not consistent throughout the study period. Further, the majority of the population affected by VL resided in the Caribbean and Central regions, during the second three-year study period, indicating dispersion of the disease.

Conclusions The recent epidemiological patterns of leishmaniasis show variations in morbidity and mortality, with a higher incidence of ACL than of VL and high concentration of cases in certain regions of Colombia. This study contributes to a better understanding of this important public health problem so that measures to control the spread of this disease in Colombia can be intensified.

Objetivo Analizar los aspectos espaciotemporales y las características epidemiológicas de la leishmaniasis en Colombia de 2008 a 2016.

Metodología Se trata de un estudio transversal y ecológico de la morbilidad y mortalidad por leishmaniasis y sus factores espaciales, temporales y sociodemográficos asociados, con base en casos reportados de LCA y LV obtenidos del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública (Sivigila) del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia.

Resultados En total, se notificaron 99 503 casos de leishmaniasis en Colombia en el periodo de 9 años (2008-2016), donde el LCA representó el 99,78% de los casos, con 14 defunciones, y la LV representó el 0,21% de los casos, con cuatro fallecidos. Las personas que viven en las zonas rurales fueron las más afectadas por ambas formas de leishmaniasis. En el análisis espacial, el LCA se distribuyó ampliamente en el territorio colombiano, pero los patrones de ocurrencia no fueron consistentes a lo largo del periodo de estudio. Además, la mayoría de la población afectada por LV residió en las regiones del Caribe y Centro, durante el segundo periodo de estudio de tres años, lo que indica la dispersión de la enfermedad.

Conclusiones Los patrones epidemiológicos recientes de la leishmaniasis muestran variaciones en la morbimortalidad, con mayor incidencia de LCA que de LV y alta concentración de casos en algunas regiones de Colombia. Este estudio contribuye a una mejor comprensión de este importante problema de salud pública para que se puedan intensificar las medidas para controlar la propagación de esta enfermedad en Colombia.

Referencias

1. Organização Pan-Americana Da Saúde, Organização Mundial da Saúde. Leishmanioses: Informe epidemiológico das Américas; 2018.

2. Zambrano-Hernandez P, Padilla JC, Carrasquilla MC. Leishmaniasis en la Región de las Américas. Reunión de coordinadores de Programa Nacional de Leishmaniasis. OPS/OMS. Medellín, Colombia. 4-6 junio 2008 [Internet]. Cited April 2020. Available from: https://bit.ly/4fV3wH0 .

3. Colombia, Ministerio de la Protección Social, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Protocolo para la vigilancia en salud pública de leishmaniasis. Bogotá: Ministerio de la Protección Social; 2016. Available from: https://bit.ly/3AxXjke.

4. Salgado-Almario J, Hernández CA, Ovalle CE. Geographical distribution of Leishmania species in Colombia, 1985-2017. Biomedica. 2019; 39:278–90. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i3.4312.

5. Palatnik-de-Sousa CB, Day MJ. One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors. 2011; 4:197. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-197.

6. Zambrano-Hernandez P, Ayala-Sotelo MS, Fuya-Oviedo P, Montenegro-Puentes CA, Aya-Vanegas NM, Aguilera-Jaramillo G, et al. Brote urbano de leishmaniasis visceral en Neiva, Colombia. Rev Salud Pú- blica (Bogota). 2015; 17:514–27. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v17n4.44663.

7. Paternina Tuirán LE, Díaz-Olmos YA, Paternina-Gómez M, Carrillo-Bonilla LM, Vélez ID, Martínez EEB. Detección de anticuerpos anti-Leishmania (Trypanosomatidae) en poblaciones caninas del departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Acta Biolo Colomb. 2016; 21:183–8. https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n1.48845.

8. Herrera G, Higuera A, Patiño LH, Ayala MS, Ramírez JD. Description of Leishmania species among dogs and humans in Colombian Visceral Leishmaniasis outbreaks. Infect Genet Evol. 2018; 64:135–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.023.

9. Kaabi B, Zhioua E. Modeling and comparative study of the spread of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis from Northern to Central Tunisia. Acta Trop. 2018; 178:19–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.10.013.

10. Rivero Rodríguez ME, Rodríguez Jiménez JL, Pérez Doria A, Bejarano EE. Aislamiento de Leishmania infantum a partir de Canis familiaris en área urbana del Caribe colombiano. Rev Investig Vet Peru. 2019; 29(3),923-30. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v29i3.13708.

11. Rocha MAN, Matos-Rocha TJ, Ribeiro CMB, Abreu SRO, Rocha M a. N, Matos-Rocha TJ, Ribeiro CMB, Abreu SRO. Epidemiological aspects of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in State of Alagoas, Northeast, Brazil. Braz J Biol. 2018; 78(04):609–14. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.166622.

12. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE), División Político Administrativa (Divipola) [Internet]. Cited June 2018. Available from: https://bit.ly/4fSkCp5.

13. Unidad Nacional para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres. Fenómeno El Niño: análisis comparativo 1997-1998//2014-2016. Bogotá: UNGRD; 2016.

14. Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi (IGAC). Zonificación climática, 2012. In: Sistema de Información Geográfica para la Planeación y el Ordenamiento Territorial [Internet]. Cited November 2019. Available from: https://tinyurl.com/7x84wswf.

15. Hosmer DW, Hosmer T, Cessie SL, Lemeshow S. A Comparison of Goodness-of-fit tests for the logistic regression model. Stat Med. 1997; 16:965-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970515)16:9<965::AID-SIM509>3.0.CO;2-O.

16. Davison AC, Snell EJ. Residuals and diagnostics. In: Statistical theory and modelling. London: Chapman & Hall; 1991.

17. González C, Paz A, Ferro C. Predicted altitudinal shifts and reduced spatial distribution of Leishmania infantum vector species under climate change scenarios in Colombia. Acta Trop. 2014; 129:83–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.08.014.

18. Ferro C, López M, Fuya P, Lugo L, Cordovez JM, González C. Spatial distribution of sand fly vectors and eco-epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in Colombia. PLoS One. 2015; 10:e0139391. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139391.

19. Berry I, Berrang-Ford L. Leishmaniasis, conflict, and political terror: A spatio-temporal analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2016; 167:140–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.04.038.

20. Ramírez JD, Hernández C, León CM, Ayala MS, Flórez C, González C. Taxonomy, diversity, temporal and geographical distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia: A retrospective study. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:28266. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28266.

21. González AM, Solís-Soto MT, Radon K. Leishmaniasis: Who uses personal protection among military personnel in Colombia? Ann Glob Health. 2017; 83:519–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2017.10.015.

22. Patino LH, Mendez C, Rodriguez O, Romero Y, Velandia D, Alvarado M, et al. Spatial distribution, Leishmania species and clinical traits of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in the Colombian army. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11:e0005876. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005876.

23. Herrera G, Teherán A, Pradilla I, Vera M, Ramírez JD. Geospatial-temporal distribution of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Colombia (2007- 2016). PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12:e0006419. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006419.

24. Hernández AM, Gutierrez JD, Xiao Y, Branscum AJ, Cuadros DF. Spatial epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with a growing epidemic. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019; 113:560-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz043.

25. Ovalle-Bracho C, Londoño-Barbosa D, Salgado-Almario J, González C. Evaluating the spatial distribution of Leishmania parasites in Colombia from clinical samples and human isolates (1999 to 2016). PLoS One. 2019; 14:e0214124. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214124.

26. Bruhn FRP, Morais MHF, Cardoso DL, Bruhn NCP, Ferreira F, Rocha CMBM da. Spatial and temporal relationships between human and canine visceral leishmaniases in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 2006- 2013. Parasit Vectors. 2018; 11:372. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2877-6.

27. Maia-Elkhoury ANS, Yadón ZE, Díaz MIS, Lucena F de F de A, Castellanos LG, Sanchez-Vazquez MJ. Exploring spatial and temporal distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Americas, 2001–2011. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10:e0005086. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005086.

28. Vélez ID, Carrillo LM, López L, Rodríguez E, Robledo SM. An epidemic outbreak of canine cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia caused by leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012; 86:807–11. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0408.

29. Valderrama-Ardila C, Alexander N, Ferro C, Cadena H, Marín D, Holford TR, et al. Environmental risk factors for the incidence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a sub-Andean zone of Colombia (Chaparral, Tolima). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010; 82:243–50. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0218.

30. Fedesarrollo. Informe mensual del mercado laboral [Internet]. Mayo 2017. Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Cited December 2019. Available from: https://tinyurl.com/32kanwmh.

31. Organização Pan-Americana Da Saúde, Organização Mundial Da Saúde. Leishmanioses: Informe epidemiológico das Américas; 2019.

32. Padilha BG, Albuquerque PVV de, Pedrosa F de A. Indicadores epidemiológicos da leishmaniose tegumentar americana, no período de 1999 a 2008, no Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Rev Panamazonica Saude. 2010; 1:95–102. https://doi.org/10.5123/S2176-62232010000300013.

33. Hashiguchi Y, Gomez EAL, Cáceres AG, Velez LN, Villegas NV, Hashiguchi K, et al. Andean cutaneous leishmaniasis (Andean-CL, uta) in Peru and Ecuador: the causative Leishmania parasites and clinico-epidemiological features. Acta Trop. 2018; 177:135-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.028.

34. De Araújo VEM, Morais MHF, Reis IA, Rabello A, Carneiro M. Early clinical manifestations associated with death from visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012; 6:e1511. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001511.

35. Nascimento ET, Moura MLN, Queiroz JW, Barroso AW, Araujo AF, Rego EF, et al. The emergence of concurrent HIV-1/AIDS and visceral leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2011; 105:298–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.01.006.

36. Cota GF, Sousa MR de, Mendonça ALP de, Patrocinio A, Assunção LS, Faria SR de, et al. Leishmania-HIV Co-infection: clinical presentation and outcomes in an urban area in Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014; 8:e2816. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002816.

37. Porfirio GE de O, Santos FM, de Macedo GC, Barreto WTG, Campos JBV, Meyers AC, et al. Maintenance of Trypanosoma cruzi, T. evansi and Leishmania spp. by domestic dogs and wild mammals in a rural se- ttlement in Brazil-Bolivian border. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2018; 7:398–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.10.004.

38. Muvdi-Arenas S, Ovalle-Bracho C. Mucosal leishmaniasis: A forgotten disease, description and identification of species in 50 Colombian cases. Biomédica. 2019; 39:58–65. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i3.4347.

Cómo citar

APA

Hurtado, E. M., Fonseca de Oliveira, C. S., Teixeira Pava, M., Köhler Marra Morato, M. O., Soeiro Barbosa, D. & Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, D. (2023). Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016. Revista de Salud Pública, 25(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936

ACM

[1]
Hurtado, E.M., Fonseca de Oliveira, C.S., Teixeira Pava, M., Köhler Marra Morato, M.O., Soeiro Barbosa, D. y Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, D. 2023. Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016. Revista de Salud Pública. 25, 4 (jul. 2023), 1–11. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936.

ACS

(1)
Hurtado, E. M.; Fonseca de Oliveira, C. S.; Teixeira Pava, M.; Köhler Marra Morato, M. O.; Soeiro Barbosa, D.; Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, D. Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016. Rev. salud pública 2023, 25, 1-11.

ABNT

HURTADO, E. M.; FONSECA DE OLIVEIRA, C. S.; TEIXEIRA PAVA, M.; KÖHLER MARRA MORATO, M. O.; SOEIRO BARBOSA, D.; FERREIRA DE MAGALHÃES SOARES, D. Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016. Revista de Salud Pública, [S. l.], v. 25, n. 4, p. 1–11, 2023. DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/97936. Acesso em: 28 dic. 2025.

Chicago

Hurtado, Elena Maria, Camila Stefanie Fonseca de Oliveira, Marcelo Teixeira Pava, Mariana Olímpia Köhler Marra Morato, David Soeiro Barbosa, y Danielle Ferreira de Magalhães Soares. 2023. «Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016». Revista De Salud Pública 25 (4):1-11. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936.

Harvard

Hurtado, E. M., Fonseca de Oliveira, C. S., Teixeira Pava, M., Köhler Marra Morato, M. O., Soeiro Barbosa, D. y Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, D. (2023) «Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016», Revista de Salud Pública, 25(4), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936.

IEEE

[1]
E. M. Hurtado, C. S. Fonseca de Oliveira, M. Teixeira Pava, M. O. Köhler Marra Morato, D. Soeiro Barbosa, y D. Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, «Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016», Rev. salud pública, vol. 25, n.º 4, pp. 1–11, jul. 2023.

MLA

Hurtado, E. M., C. S. Fonseca de Oliveira, M. Teixeira Pava, M. O. Köhler Marra Morato, D. Soeiro Barbosa, y D. Ferreira de Magalhães Soares. «Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016». Revista de Salud Pública, vol. 25, n.º 4, julio de 2023, pp. 1-11, doi:10.15446/rsap.v25n4.97936.

Turabian

Hurtado, Elena Maria, Camila Stefanie Fonseca de Oliveira, Marcelo Teixeira Pava, Mariana Olímpia Köhler Marra Morato, David Soeiro Barbosa, y Danielle Ferreira de Magalhães Soares. «Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016». Revista de Salud Pública 25, no. 4 (julio 1, 2023): 1–11. Accedido diciembre 28, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/97936.

Vancouver

1.
Hurtado EM, Fonseca de Oliveira CS, Teixeira Pava M, Köhler Marra Morato MO, Soeiro Barbosa D, Ferreira de Magalhães Soares D. Space-time patterns and associated factors of leishmaniasis in Colombia, 2008–2016. Rev. salud pública [Internet]. 1 de julio de 2023 [citado 28 de diciembre de 2025];25(4):1-11. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/97936

Descargar cita

CrossRef Cited-by

CrossRef citations0

Dimensions

PlumX

Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo

205

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.