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Coffee processing residue extracts on the germination and vigor of maize seeds under water stress
Extractos de residuos del procesamiento de café en la germinación y vigor de semillas de maíz bajo estrés hídrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v72n4.111859Palabras clave:
Coffee husk, Coffee pulp, Seed vigor, Zea mays, bioestimulant, physiological quality, Zea mays L. (en)Cáscara de café, Pulpa de café, Germinación, Zea mays, bioestimulante, calidad fisiológica, Zea mays L. (es)
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Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most produced cereals in the world, however, water stress impairs the germination and vigor of its seeds. Agro-industrial residues as the husk and pulp obtained from the processing of coffee fruits (Coffea arabica L.) have high concentrations of total phenolic compounds, substances with antioxidant activity, which, if applied exogenously to plants, can reduce the effects of water stress. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different doses of coffee processing residue extract on the physiological quality of maize seeds under water stress. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replications, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, with 5 doses of extract from the husk and pulp of coffee fruits: 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 ml of extract per kg of seeds-1, at 3 different osmotic potentials: 0.0, -0.2, and -0.4 MPa, on the maize variety IPR 164. The characteristics evaluated were first germination count, germination, abnormal seedling, non-germinated seeds, length, and dry matter seedling. Although the extract from coffee fruit processing residues, including husk and pulp, reduced the percentage of abnormal seedlings and non-germinated seeds of the IPR 164 maize variety under water stress conditions (osmotic potential of -0.4 MPa), it did not demonstrate, in the manner it was used, potential as a biostimulant, as it did not alter germination and reduced the initial development of the seedlings.
El maíz (Zea mays L.) es uno de los cereales más producidos en el mundo, sin embargo, el estrés hídrico perjudica la germinación y el vigor de sus semillas. Los residuos agroindustriales como la cáscara y pulpa obtenidas del procesamiento de los frutos del café (Coffea arabica L.) tienen altas concentraciones de compuestos fenólicos totales, sustancias con actividad antioxidante que, aplicadas exógenamente a las plantas, pueden reducir el estrés hídrico. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes dosis de extracto de residuos de procesamiento de café en la calidad fisiológica de semillas de maíz bajo estrés hídrico. El experimento se realizó en un delineamiento enteramente aleatorizado, con cuatro repeticiones, en un esquema factorial 5 × 3, con 5 dosis de extracto de cáscara y pulpa de frutos de café: 0, 2, 4, 8 y 16 ml de extracto por kg de semillas-1 a 3 potenciales osmóticos diferentes: 0.0, -0.2 y -0.4 MPa, en la variedad de maíz IPR 164. Las características evaluadas fueron primer conteo de germinación, germinación, plántula anormal, semillas no germinadas, longitud y materia seca de plántula. La aplicación del extracto de los residuos del procesamiento de frutos de café, incluyendo cáscara y pulpa, aunque redujo el porcentaje de plántulas anormales y semillas no germinadas de la variedad de maíz IPR 164 bajo condiciones de estrés hídrico (potencial osmótico de -0,4 MPa), no demostró, en la forma en que se utilizó, potencial como bioestimulante, ya que no alteró la germinación y redujo el desarrollo inicial de las plántulas.
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