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- 2021-11-26 (2)
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Effects of vitamin pre-sowing treatment on sweet maize seedlings irrigated with saline water
Efecto del tratamiento presiembra con vitaminas en el desarrollo de plántulas de maíz dulce regadas con agua salina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v69n1.67528Palabras clave:
abiotic stress, defense mechanism, vitamin B1, vitamin B3, Zea mays L. saccharata Strut. (en)estrés abiótico, mecanismo de defensa, vitamina B1, vitamina B3, Zea mays L. saccharata Strut (es)
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Salinity stress represents an obstacle for the production of plants of commercial interest, including sweet maize. Among the techniques used to suppress the effects caused by excess salts in the soil is the exogenous application of vitamins. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pre-sowing treatment of sweet maize seeds in solutions of thiamine, niacin and these two vitamins combined on the development of the plants irrigated with saline water. The treatments were composed by the 24 h pre-sowing treatment with water, thiamine solution (thiamine 100 mg L-1), niacin solution (niacin 100 mg L-1) and a combined solution with these two vitamins (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) irrigated with saline water. A control (pre-sowing treatment with water and irrigation with non-saline water) was also used. It was observed that salinity stress affects the sweet maize initial development. Application of isolate thiamine or niacin and its combined application improves the relative contents of chlorophyll ‘a’ and total, height of shoot, leaf number, diameter of stem and shoot, root and total dry matter, reducing dry matter losses by 8.89%, 25.46% and 39.60%, respectively. Soaking seeds for 24 h in thiamine and niacin solutions improve the initial growth of sweet maize plants under salt stress and a combined vitamin solution (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) effectively reduces the salt stress negative effect on the initial development of these plants.
El estrés por salinidad es un limitante para la producción de plantas de interés comercial, incluido el maíz (Zea mays) dulce. Entre las técnicas utilizadas para suprimir los efectos causados por el exceso de sales en el suelo se encuentra la aplicación exógena de vitaminas. Teniendo en cuenta esta condición, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del tratamiento previo a la siembra de semillas de maíz dulce con tiamina, niacina y ambas vitaminas combinadas, en el desarrollo de plantas sumergidas en soluciones de éstas durante 24 h antes de la siembra. Las concentraciones utilizadas consistieron en 100 mg L-1 de las vitaminas solas y 50 mg L-1 de cada unacuando fueron aplicadas en mezcla, más un tratamiento testigo con agua no salina. La salinidad afectó el desarrollo inicial de las plantas; por el contrario, el tratamiento con los antibióticos solos o en mezcla, mejoró el contenido relativo y total clorofila ‘a’, la altura de brotes, el número de hojas, el diámetro del tallo, el desarrollo radicular y la producción de materia seca total, siendo las pérdidas de esta última de 8.89%, 25.46% y 39.60% menores en relación con el testigo, cuando se aplicaron, respectivamente, tiamina, niacina y la mezcla de ambos antibióticos.
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