Inducción de resistencia en tomate (Solanum lycopesicum L.) y antagonismo de Trichoderma viride contra Fusarium oxysporum

Resistance induction of tomato (Solanum lycopesicum L.) and antagonism of Trichoderma viride against Fusarium oxysporum

Este trabajo desarrollado en la Universidad del Tolima (Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia), tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del silicio como inductor de resistencia sistémica y el antagonismo de T. viride frente a la marchitez vascular del tomate híbrido Santa Clara (S. lycopersicum L.) causado por F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Se evaluó el efecto inductor del silicio en la respuesta de defensa del tomate sobre parámetros epidemiológicos de la enfermedad y a través de análisis bioquímico se evaluó la actividad de la enzima Polifenoloxidasa (PPO). Se empleó un diseño factorial con ocho tratamientos y 12 réplicas. Se encontró una reducción del 47 % en la severidad foliar en las plantas tratadas con silicio y T. viride respecto a las plantas que no fueron tratadas con silicio. Además, se encontró un incremento en la actividad enzimática de la Polifenoloxidasa (PPO) en las plantas que fueron tratadas con silicio y no inoculadas con T. viride, siendo la media de este tratamiento 2,29 U/mg de proteína respecto a las que no fueron tratadas con silicio e inoculadas y no inoculadas con T. viride, siendo la media de este tratamiento 0,36 U/mg de proteína.

The present work developed at the University of Tolima (Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia) was aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon as an inducer of systemic resistance and the antagonism of T. viride against the vascular wilt of hybrid tomato Santa Clara (S. lycopersicum L.) caused by F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The inducing effect of silicon on the tomato defense response on epidemiological parameters of the disease and the activity of the Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzyme were evaluated through biochemical analysis. A factorial design with 8 treatments and 12 replicas was used. A 47 % reduction in foliar severity was found in plants treated with silicon and T. viride with respect to plants that were not treated with silicon. In addition, an increase in the enzymatic activity of Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) was found in plants that were treated with silicon and not inoculated with T. viride, the mean of this treatment being 2.29 U/mg of protein compared to those they were not treated with silicon and inoculated and not inoculated with T. viride, the average of this treatment being 0.36 U/mg of protein.

The inducing effect of silicon on the tomato defense response on epidemiological parameters of the disease was evaluated and the activity of the enzyme Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) was evaluated through biochemical analysis.

A factorial design with 8 treatments and 12 replicas was used. A 47% reduction in foliar severity was found in plants treated with silicon and T. viride with respect to plants that were not treated with silicon. In addition, an increase in the enzymatic activity of Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) was found in plants that were treated with silicon and not inoculated with T. viride, the mean of this treatment being 2.29 U / mg of protein compared to those they were not treated with silicon and inoculated and not inoculated with T. viride, the average of this treatment being 0.36 U / mg of protein.