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- 2022-07-26 (2)
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Phylogenetic relationship of coffee leaf rust in the central jungle of Peru
Relación filogenética de roya del café en la selva central de Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v70n2.88945Palabras clave:
Coffea arabica, DNA barcode, Hemileia vastatrix, Peru, phylogeny (en)Coffea arabica, DNA barcode, Hemileia vastatrix, Perú, filogenia (es)
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Coffee leaf rust is the main disease that causes significant losses in Coffea arabica. In Peru, this disease caused epidemics between 2008 and 2013 with production losses of 35 %. The objective was to identify H. vastatrix using a morphological and molecular approach based on a phylogenetic species concept. Coffee leaf samples with symptoms of chlorotic lesions with the presence of yellow uredospores at different severity stages of different cultivars were collected from 11 locations in the departments of Pasco and Junin during 2017-2018. DNA was purified as proposed by Cristancho and coworkers. The major subunit of ribosomal DNA was amplified with universal primers LR0R and LR5, and sequenced by Macrogen and deposited in GenBank. Sequences from the genera Achrotelium, Blastospora, Cystopsora, Hemileia, and Mikronegeria were included for phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that the rust was distributed in coffee growing regions of Pasco: Villa Rica (Catimor, Caturra, and Gran Colombia); Oxapampa (Yellow Caturra), and Junín: San Luis de Shuaro (Catimor), Chanchamayo (Catimor), San Ramón (Catimor), Vitoc (Caturra), Pichanaki (Caturra), Río Negro (Caturra), Pangoa (Yellow Caturra, Gran Colombia, Limani). It was also grouped into a single clade with isolated H. vastatrix from Mexico and Australia, suggesting that they come from a common ancestor. This is the first confirmed report using molecular barcoding of H. vastatrix in the central jungle of Peru.
La roya del café es la principal enfermedad que causa pérdidas significativas en Coffea arabica. En Perú esta enfermedad causó epidemias entre 2008 y 2013 con pérdidas de 35 % de la producción. El objetivo fue identificar H. vastatrix mediante un enfoque morfológico y molecular basado en un concepto de especie filogenética. Se recogieron muestras de hojas de café con síntomas de lesiones cloróticas con presencia de uredosporas amarillas en diferentes estados de severidad de diferentes cultivares en 11 localidades de los departamentos de Pasco y Junín durante el período 2017-2018. El ADN se purificó según lo propuesto por Cristancho y sus colaboradores. Se amplificó la subunidad mayor del ADN ribosomal con primers universales, LR0R y LR5, y fue secuenciada por Macrogen y depositadas en GenBank. Para el análisis filogenético se incluyeron secuencias de los géneros Achrotelium, Blastospora, Cystopsora, Hemileia y Mikronegeria. Los resultados mostraron que la roya se distribuyó en regiones cafetaleras de Pasco: Villa Rica (Catimor, Caturra y Gran Colombia), Oxapampa (Caturra Amarilla) y Junín: San Luis de Shuaro (Catimor), Chanchamayo (Catimor), San Ramón (Catimor), Vitoc (Caturra), Pichanaki (Caturra), Río Negro (Caturra), Pangoa (Caturra Amarilla, Gran Colombia, Limani). Asimismo, se agrupó en un solo clado con H. vastatrix aislados de México y Australia, lo cual sugiere que provienen de un ancestro común. Este es el primer informe confirmado que utiliza un código de barras molecular de H. vastatrix en la selva central del Perú.
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1. Candy Ocaña-Zuñiga, Lenin Quiñones-Huatangari, Elgar Barboza, Naili Cieza Peña, Sherson Herrera Zamora, Jose Manuel Palomino Ojeda. (2024). Coffee Rust Severity Analysis in Agroforestry Systems Using Deep Learning in Peruvian Tropical Ecosystems. Agriculture, 15(1), p.39. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15010039.
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