Principal component analysis of agronomic and yield traits of six tenera oil palm progenies in Southern Thailand
Análisis de los componentes principales de las características agronómicas y de rendimiento de seis progenies de la palma aceitera tenera en el sur de Tailandia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v71n4.98032Palabras clave:
multivariate analysis, African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis (en)análisis multivariable, aceite de palma africana, Elaeis guineensis (es)
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Agronomic and yield traits of oil palm progenies are regularly analyzed by plant breeders and farmers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the agronomic and yield traits of six tenera oil palm progenies collected in Southern Thailand, and to group the progenies based on their agronomic and yield traits. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments (progenies), where each treatment consisted of 3 replications. The agronomic and yield traits were analyzed for variances and principal components. The results found show that most agronomic and yield traits exhibited significant differences among the oil palm progenies. In the biplot of agronomic traits between PC1 and PC2 with two groups of oil palms, the first group dominated in petiole diameter, leaf dry weight, leaf length, rachis length, petiole width, and leaf area, while the second group dominated in leaf number and leaf width. In the biplot of yield traits between PC1 and PC2 with two groups of oil palms, the first group dominated in bunch number, kernels per fruit and bunch, and average kernel weight, while the second group dominated in amount of oil per fruit and bunch, average fruit weight, and oil yield.
Las características agronómicas y de rendimiento de las progenies de palma aceitera son analizadas regularmente por fitomejoradores y agricultores. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar las características agronómicas y de rendimiento de seis progenies de palma aceitera tenera recolectadas en el sur de Tailandia, y agrupar las progenies en función de sus características agronómicas y los componentes del racimo. El experimento utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con 6 tratamientos (progenies), donde cada tratamiento constó de 3 repeticiones. Se analizaron las características agronómicas y de rendimiento de las varianzas y componentes principales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que hubo diferencias significativas entre las progenies de palma aceitera en la mayoría de las características agronómicas y de rendimiento. En el biplot de rasgos agronómicos entre PC1 y PC2 con dos grupos de palma aceitera, el primer grupo dominó en diámetro del pecíolo, peso seco de la hoja, largo de la hoja, largo del raquis, ancho del pecíolo y área foliar, mientras que el segundo grupo dominó en número de hojas y ancho de la hoja. En el biplot de los componentes del racimo entre PC1 y PC2 con dos grupos de palma aceitera, el primer grupo dominó en número de racimos, granos por fruto y racimo y peso promedio de los granos, mientras que el segundo grupo dominó en cantidad de aceite por fruto y racimo, peso promedio de los frutos y rendimiento del aceite.
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