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Variaciones diurnas en la composición química y la fermentescibilidad de pasturas
Diurnal variations on pasture chemical composition and fermentability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v72n3.111951Keywords:
carbohidratos, forraje, fotosíntesis, fermentación ruminal, producción de gas in vitro (es)carbohydrates, forage, in vitro gras production, photosynthesis, rumen fermentation (en)
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las variaciones diurnas en la composición química y la fermentescibilidad ruminal en una amplia variedad de forrajes (A. sativa, L. multiflorum, L. perenne, L. híbrido, B. auleticus, M. sativa, T. pratense, T. repens, T. alexandrinum, L. corniculatus, L. pedunculatus, L. tenuis, C. intybus, P. dilatatum, P. notatum, P. plicatulum, P. lanceolata, S. sudanense). Se muestrearon treinta parcelas de diferentes especies en estado vegetativo a las 09:00, 13:00 y 17:00 horas del mismo día (tratamientos). Las muestras fueron sometidas a análisis químicos y a una prueba de producción de gas in vitro. Los volúmenes de gas se ajustaron a un modelo logístico de dos compartimentos con una única fase de latencia. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó un modelo mixto, considerando el momento de corte como efecto fijo y el grupo botánico y la estación como aleatorios. La concentración de azúcares solubles en agua y la relación azúcares solubles/N aumentaron a lo largo del día, mientras que los niveles de fibra en detergente neutro (NDF) y N disminuyeron. Esto provocó una disminución del tiempo de latencia de la mañana a la tarde. El contenido de fibra se asoció con una fase de latencia más larga, un mayor volumen de lenta producción y tasas de fermentación más lentas. Las pasturas cortadas en la tarde mostraron un inicio más temprano de la fermentación ruminal asociado a menor concentración de fibra y mayor concentración de azúcares solubles.
The aim of this work was to study diurnal variations in chemical composition and ruminal fermentability of a wide range of forages (A. sativa, L. multiflorum, L. perenne, L. hybrid, B. auleticus, M. sativa, T. pratense, T. repens, T. alexandrinum, L. corniculatus, L. pedunculatus, L. tenuis, C. intybus, P. dilatatum, P. notatum, P. plicatulum, P. lanceolata, S. sudanense). Thirty paddocks involving different species at vegetative stage were sampled at 09:00, 13:00, and 17:00 h on the same day (treatments). Samples were subjected to chemical analysis and an in vitro gas production trial. Gas volumes were fitted to a dual-pool logistic model with single lag. A mixed model was used for statistical analysis, considering time of cut as fixed effect, and botanical group and season as random effects. The concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and the ratio WSC/N increased along the day, while neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and N contents decreased. This led to a shortening of lag time from the morning to the afternoon. Fibre content was associated with a longer lag time, a higher slow volume and lower fermentation rates. Pastures cut in the afternoon showed earlier onset of ruminal fermentation associated with lower concentrations of fibre and higher concentrations of soluble carbohydrates.
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