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Agronomic evaluation of chonto tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) lines of determinate growth
Evaluación agronómica de líneas de tomate chonto (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) de crecimiento determinado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n3.103518Keywords:
crop performance, fruit quality, genotype, plant breeding (en)desempeño de cultivo, calidad del fruto, genotipo, fitomejoramiento (es)
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the agronomic performance of five chonto tomato lines of determinate growth in Valle del Cauca, Colombia, with plants of indeterminate growth Unapal Maravilla as control. In the field, a randomized complete block design was used for four evaluations, with four replicates and five plants as an experimental unit, respectively. The final plant height for all the lines, except Unapal Maravilla, was evaluated between 90 and 100 d with no statistical differences (P<0.05) between treatments. The lines of determinate growth expressed no differences (P<0.05) with Unapal Maravilla for the number of clusters per plant and the number of fruits per cluster. At the same time, they surpassed Unapal Maravilla in fruit weight at 117 g/fruit (lines JV9, JV7, and JV12), and final yield was greater than 4 kg/plant. The lines of determinate growth at physiological maturity were similar to Unapal Maravilla in the uniform final color of fruits (cherry red), fruit shape round in equatorial diameter and slightly elongated in polar diameter, and number of locules (bicavitary); they expressed inferiority for total fruit solids between 3.5 and 3.6° Brix vs. 4.32° Brix to the control (P<0.05). The final height for the lines of determinate growth ranged between 97.7 and 109.0 cm, respectively, while the Unapal Maravilla plants had more than 200 cm in height.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de cinco líneas de tomate chonto de crecimiento determinado en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Se usaron cinco líneas de crecimiento determinado y un testigo de crecimiento indeterminado Unapal Maravilla. En campo, se usó un diseño de bloques completamente aleatorizados, con cuatro repeticiones y cinco plantas como unidad experimental respectivamente para las cuatro evaluaciones. La altura final de las plantas, para todas las líneas, excepto Unapal Maravilla, se evaluó entre 90 y 100 d sin diferencias estadísticas (P<0.05) entre tratamientos. Las líneas de crecimiento determinado no expresaron diferencias (P<0.05) con Unapal Maravilla para número de racimos por planta y número de frutos por racimo, mientras que el rendimiento fue superior a Unapal Maravilla en: peso del fruto, mayor a 117 g/fruto (líneas JV9, JV7 y JV12) y rendimiento final mayor a 4 kg/planta. Las líneas de crecimiento determinado en madurez fisiológica fueron similares a Unapal Maravilla en color final uniforme (rojo cereza), formato del fruto redondo en el diámetro ecuatorial y ligeramente elongado en el diámetro polar, y número de lóculos (bicavitarios); y expresaron inferioridad para sólidos totales en fruto entre 3.5 y 3.6 °Brix vs. 4.32 °Brix respecto al testigo (P<0.05). La altura final para las líneas de crecimiento determinado fluctuó entre 97.7 y 109.0 cm respectivamente, mientras que las plantas Unapal Maravilla tuvieron más de 200 cm de altura.
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