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Biological studies of Puccinia lantanae, a potential biocontrol agent of “Lippia” (Phyla nodiflora var. minor)
Estudios biológicos en Puccinia lantanae, posible agente de biocontrol de“Lippia” (Phyla nodiflora var. minor)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n3.103562Keywords:
spores, biological control, invasive species, specificity (en)esporas, control biológico, especies invasoras, especificidad (es)
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Phyla nodiflora var. minor (syn. P. canescens (Kunth) Greene) known as “lippia” is an invasive weed with considerable impact on agricultural systems and conservation areas in Australia. The rust fungus Puccinia lantanae Farl. has been proposed as a potential biocontrol agent of Lantana camara. As it was previously found in Lippia s.l. in Argentina, we aim to study: (i) its geographical distribution in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile; (ii) teliospore germination and basidiospore formation under different incubation temperatures; (iii) the effect of teliospore age on germination capacity; (iv) the effect of heat shock on teliospore germination and basidiospore formation; and (v) the pathogenicity of the rust fungus on P. nodiflora. Field surveys were conducted in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. In vitro experimental assays of germination and pathogenicity were performed. The rust was found in four provinces of Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Formosa, and Entre Rios) and was not found in Bolivia and Chile. Puccinia lantanae showed the maximum values of teliospore germination and basidiospore formation at 20°C. The effect of aging and heat shock treatments significantly reduced teliospore germination. Pathogenicity tests showed that P. nodiflora var. minor, reptans, and nodiflora were infected with the “Formosa” isolate. The isolates “Salta” and “Entre Rios” infected var. minor and reptans, being potential candidates for biocontrol.
Phyla nodiflora var. minor (syn. P. canescens (Kunth) Greene), conocida comúnmente como “lippia” es una maleza invasora que genera un grave impacto en los sistemas agrícolas y áreas protegidas en Australia. La roya, Puccinia lantanae Farl., ha sido propuesta como un potencial agente de biocontrol de Lantana camara. Este hongo fue encontrado en Lippia s.l. en Argentina; por esta razón, proponemos estudiar (i) su distribución geográfica en Argentina, Bolivia y Chile; (ii) la germinación de teliosporas y la formación de basidiosporas bajo diferentes temperaturas de incubación; (iii) el efecto de la edad de las teliosporas sobre la capacidad de germinación; (iv) el efecto del choque térmico sobre la germinación de teliosporas y la formación de basidiosporas; (v) la patogenicidad de la roya sobre P. nodiflora. Se realizaron ensayos in vitro de germinación y de patogenicidad. La roya se encontró en cuatro provincias de Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Formosa y Entre Ríos), y no se encontró en Bolivia y Chile. La germinación de las teliosporas y la formación de basidiosporas fueron máximas a 20°C. El efecto de la edad de las teliosporas y los tratamientos de choque térmico redujeron significativamente la germinación de estas. P. nodiflora var. minor, reptans y nodiflora fueron infectadas con el aislado “Formosa”. Los aislados “Salta” y “Entre Rios”, infectaron a la var. minor y reptans siendo candidatos potenciales de biocontrol.
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1. Esteban Charria-Girón, Aída M. Vasco-Palacios, Bibiana Moncada, Yasmina Marin-Felix. (2023). Colombian Fungal Diversity: Untapped Potential for Diverse Applications. Microbiology Research, 14(4), p.2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres14040135.
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