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Population density of aphids in chrysanthemums grown under photoselective screens
Dinámica poblacional de áfidos en crisantemos cultivados bajo pantallas fotoselectivas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n3.103742Keywords:
cut flowers, mechanical barrier, behavioral changes (en)flores de corte, barrera mecánica, cambios de comportamiento (es)
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The chrysanthemum is one of the main ornamental species in the world. It has great relevance in the market. Aphids are the main pests that affect the chrysanthemum crop and cause various types of damage to this plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different cropping systems using photoselective screens on the population density of aphids in cut chrysanthemum. The study was carried out in an experimental area of the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo – Campus Itapina (Brazil) in a randomized complete block design, according to the split-plot scheme over time. The experiment was established in 3 blocks of 12 m in length with plots of 3 m containing different photoselective screens (red, silver, and black) and the control treatment (open field). Repeated evaluations at different times were done at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 d. Data were checked for normality and homoscedasticity and submitted to the Tukey’s test (P<0.05) and a non-parametric method of smoothing a dispersion graph with local weight (LOESS regression). Regardless of the color of the photoselective screen, there was a lower incidence of aphids compared to the open field treatment in the chrysanthemum culture with an average reduction of 84%. For the different sampling times, the Tukey test did not show significant differences between the means of aphid incidence in the evaluated period. Black, red, and silver photoselective screens promoted significant reductions in aphid populations in chrysanthemums of the variety Zembla in the environmental conditions of southeastern Brazil.
El crisantemo es una de las principales especies ornamentales en el mundo con gran relevancia en el mercado. Los áfidos son la principal plaga que afecta al crisantemo, causando diferentes daños. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la influencia de diferentes sistemas de cultivo bajo diferentes pantallas fotoselectivas sobre la densidad poblacional de áfidos en crisantemo. El estudio se realizó en un área experimental del Instituto Federal de Espírito Santo – Campus Itapina (Brasil); se empleó un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con un arreglo de parcelas divididas a través del tiempo. El experimento se estableció en 3 bloques de 12 m de largo, con parcelas de 3 m de largo que contenían las diferentes pantallas fotoselectivas (roja, plateada y negra) y el tratamiento testigo (campo abierto). Las evaluaciones repetidas en el tiempo fueron a los 0, 15, 30, 45 y 60 d. Los datos fueron verificados por normalidad y homocedasticidad y sometidos a la prueba de Tukey (P<0.05) y un método no paramétrico de suavizado de un gráfico de dispersión con peso local (regresión LOESS). Independientemente del color de la pantalla fotoselectiva, hubo una menor incidencia de áfidos en comparación con el tratamiento de campo abierto en el cultivo de crisantemo, con una reducción promedio del 84%. Para las diferentes fechas de muestreo, la prueba de Tukey no mostró diferencias significativas entre medias de incidencia de áfidos durante el período evaluado. Las pantallas fotoselectivas negras, rojas y plateadas promovieron reducciones significativas en las poblaciones de áfidos en crisantemos de la variedad Zembla en las condiciones ambientales del sureste de Brasil.
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1. R Kurniati, Suryawati, D W Utami, H M Siregar, J Mulyono, M Susilowati, I Darwati, W Nurcholis, A Widura, L Sanjaya, Agustiansyah, Supenti, R Syafarina, A. Loch, R.C. Joshi, A. Munawar, M.T. Multazam. (2023). Phenotypic of Varieties Chrysanthemum in Lowland Area Cultivation. BIO Web of Conferences, 69, p.01002. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236901002.
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