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Effect of different fertilizers on yield and grain composition of maize in the tropical rainforest zone
Efecto de diferentes fertilizantes sobre el rendimiento y composición del grano de maíz en la zona de selva tropical
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n3.105046Keywords:
organic amendment, Zea mays, inorganic fertilizer, nutritional content, soil quality, composted manure (en)enmienda orgánica, Zea mays, fertilizante inorgánico, contenido nutricional, calidad del suelo, estiércol compostado (es)
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This study assessed the quality of selected organic-based fertilizers (OBF) (neem-fortified (NM) and cow dung compost (CD)) and compared them with an inorganic fertilizer (IF) NPK 20-10-10 to determine the growth response and grain composition of maize. The field study was conducted in the early and late cropping seasons of 2015 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The experiment, laid out in a randomized complete block design, consisted of six treatments: 100% NM and 100% CD, each at the rate of 3 and 6 t ha-1, IF at 0.3 t ha-1 (inorganic fertilizer recommendation for local maize production), and zero fertilizer application as control. The highest grain yield of maize (1.87 ± 0.13 t ha-1) was obtained with IF and the lowest one (1.01 ± 0.10 t ha-1) with zero fertilizer application. Maize grain yield from the repeated experiment without treatments applications reduced by about 50 and 75% for OBFs and IF and control plots, respectively. Low crude fiber, 2.62-4.13% obtained using OBFs was a good indicator of maize quality. Organic-based fertilizers demonstrated superior effects on the quality of maize grains when compared to the inorganic fertilizer.
Este estudio evaluó la calidad de fertilizantes orgánicos seleccionados (FOS) (fortificados con neem (NM) y compost de estiércol de vaca (CD)) y los comparó con un fertilizante inorgánico NPK 20-10-10 (IF) para determinar la respuesta de crecimiento y composición del grano de maíz. El estudio de campo se realizó en las temporadas de cultivo tempranas y tardías de 2015 en la Granja de Enseñanza e Investigación de la Universidad Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. El experimento, establecido en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, constó de seis tratamientos: 100% NM y 100% CD, cada uno a razón de 3 y 6 t ha-1, IF a 0.3 t ha-1 (recomendación de fertilización inorgánica para la producción local de maíz), y cero aplicación de fertilizantes como control. El mayor rendimiento de grano de maíz (1.87 ± 0.13 t ha-1) se obtuvo con IF y el menor (1.01 ± 0.10 t ha-1) con cero aplicación de fertilizante. El rendimiento de grano de maíz del experimento repetido sin aplicaciones de tratamientos se redujo en aproximadamente un 50 y un 75% para las parcelas FOS e IF y de control, respectivamente. El bajo contenido de fibra cruda, 2.62-4.13% obtenido mediante FOS, fue un buen indicador de la calidad del maíz. Los fertilizantes orgánicos demostraron efectos superiores en la calidad de los granos de maíz en comparación con el fertilizante inorgánico.
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