Photosynthesis in fruit crops of the high tropical Andes: A systematic review
La fotosíntesis en los cultivos frutales de trópico alto de los Andes: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v42n2.113887Keywords:
gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, light, chloroplasts, ecophysiology (en)intercambio de gases, fluorescencia de la clorofila, luz, cloroplastos, ecofisiología (es)
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Commercially grown fruit crops in the high tropical Andes zones from 1,600 to 3,200 m a.s.l. are increasingly important in the world market, mainly because they are exotic fruits, and also because they are produced by hundreds of small growers. Photosynthesis is one of the most important physiological processes involved in the production and quality of fruit crops. However, many aspects of this process are unknown in fruit species grown in the Andean highlands. This systematic review presents the main themes and advances in research on photosynthesis of Andean fruit crops. A systematic literature search was carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases using the RStudio Bibliometrix package tool and VOSviewer version 1.6.16 software. Research on this topic has focused on high tropical Andean countries with climatic conditions for the growth of fruit species. Notably, the research addresses themes related to the photosynthesis of Andean highland fruit crops in Brazil and Colombia. The authors cover research topics from horticulture and plant physiology to photosynthesis and leaf anatomy and acclimation, where most research literature currently focuses. In most of the analyzed fruit crops, photosynthetic parameters such as maximum photosynthesis (Amax), light compensation point, light saturation point, and apparent quantum yield are known. These are important advances in the knowledge of the fluorescence of chlorophyll a, which is mainly used as a tool to characterize the eco-physiological response of these fruit species to different environments.
Los frutales cultivados comercialmente en las zonas de trópico alto andino, de 1.600 a 3,200 m s.n.m., son cada vez más importantes en el mercado mundial, principalmente porque se consideran frutas exóticas nutritivas, y también porque son producidas por cientos de pequeños cultivadores. La fotosíntesis se considera uno de los procesos fisiológicos más importantes involucrados en la producción y calidad de los cultivos de frutales, pero muchos aspectos de este proceso son desconocidos en las especies cultivadas en los Andes. Esta revisión sistemática presenta los principales temas y avances en la investigación sobre la fotosíntesis de cultivos de frutas andinas. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de literatura en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science utilizando la herramienta RStudio Bibliometrix y el software VOSviewer versión 1.6.16. La investigación sobre este tema se ha centrado en países de trópico alto andino con condiciones climáticas apropiadas para el crecimiento de estas especies frutales. Se abordan temas relacionados con la fotosíntesis de cultivos de frutas de alta montaña andina centrados en Brasil y Colombia. Los autores cubren temas desde la horticultura y la fisiología vegetal hasta la fotosíntesis, y tópicos como la anatomía foliar y la aclimatación, donde la mayor parte de la investigación se ha realizado recientemente. En la mayoría de los cultivos de frutas analizados, se conocen parámetros fotosintéticos como fotosíntesis máxima (Amax), punto de compensación de luz, punto de saturación de luz y rendimiento cuántico aparente, que son avances importantes en el conocimiento de la fluorescencia de la clorofila a, la cual se utiliza principalmente como herramienta para caracterizar la respuesta ecofisiológica de estas especies frutales en diferentes ambientes.
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