Published

2010-05-01

Dry matter accumulation and foliar K, Ca and Na contents in salt-stressed cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) plants

Acumulación de masa seca y contenido foliar de K, Ca y Na en uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) bajo estrés por salinidad

Keywords:

dry weight, Na /Ca2 ratio, K /Na ratio, salttolerant, osmoprotectant (en)
peso seco, relación Na /Ca2 , relación K /Na , tolerante a la sal, osmoprotectante (es)

Authors

  • Diego Miranda Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía
  • Christian Ulrichs Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin - Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture - Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology
  • Gerhard Fischer Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0507
A pot experiment aimed at determining the effect of five NaCl concentrations (namely 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM, determining respective EC values of 0.8, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0 and 12.2 dS m-1) on cape gooseberry plants was set up at Humboldt University's greenhouse in Berlin, Germany. Dry weight (DW) of roots, stems and leaves, as well as foliar content of ions K+, Ca2+ and Na+ and the relationship they hold with one another, were determined over a 75-day period. DW of all plant organs was observed to decrease with increasing salinity. The lowest values of this variable, which were recorded from the 120 mM NaCl plants, were found to be significantly smaller than those recorded at 60 mM and lower salt concentrations. Salt stress effects on dry matter (DM) accumulat ion were observed to increase with plant age. Leaf K+ content increased with salinity and peaked at 90 mM NaCl, where the value was significantly higher than that observed at 120 mM. Foliar Ca2+ content remained unchanged at the different salt concentrations, whilst Na+ content increased together with salt stress. The relationship among ion concentrations was significantly influenced only by 90 mM or higher NaCl concentrations, which determined a progressive increase of the Na+/Ca2+ ratio and a similar decrease of the K+/Na+ ratio. According to the results, cape gooseberry can be considered as moderately tolerant to salt, as shown by the 30 mM NaCl treatment, which did not affect DM accumulation in plant organs. This tolerance is also supported by steady leaf Ca2+ contents at all levels of salinity, indicating that cape gooseberry uses K+ as an osmoprotectant, at least up to 90 mM NaCl. 
Con el fin de determinar el efecto de cinco concentraciones de NaCl (0, 30, 60, 90 y 120 mM, las cuales determinan valores de conductividad eléctrica de 0,8; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0 y 12,2 dS m-1, respectivamente) sobre plantas de uchuva, se llevó a cabo un experimento en el invernadero de la Universidad de Humboldt (Berlín, Alemania). Durante un periodo de 75 días se evaluó el peso seco (DW) de las raíces, tallos y hojas, y el contenido foliar de K+, Ca2+ y Na+, así como las relaciones que estos iones mantienen entre si. DW disminuyó con el aumento de la salinidad, mostrando los menores valores a la concentración NaCl 120 mM. Estos valores fueron significativamente más bajos que los encontrados a 60 mM y a concentraciones menores. Se pudo constatar que la edad de la planta afectó la acumulación de DW como respuesta al estrés salino. El contenido foliar de K+ aumentó con la salinidad y fue significativamente mayor a la concentración NaCl 90 mM que a 120 mM. A los diferentes niveles de salinidad estudiados, el contenido foliar de Ca2+ se mantuvo constante, mientras que el de Na+ registró un aumento. Las relaciones entre los contenidos iónicos fueron significativamente diferentes a concentraciones iguales o superiores a NaCl 90 mM, las cuales determinaron un progresivo aumento de la relación Na+/Ca2+, y un decremento similar en la relación K+/Na+. Dado que a la concentración NaCl 30 mM no se afecta la acumulación de DW, los autores consideran que la uchuva es moderadamente tolerante a la salinidad. Esta tolerancia es respaldada por el contenido foliar de Ca2+, el cual permaneció estable a los diferentes niveles de salinidad que fueron evaluados, indicando que la planta de uchuva usa el K+ como osmoprotectante, por lo menos hasta la concentración NaCl 90 mM.

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