Published

2015-09-01

Friability and its relationship with clay and organic carbon in soils cultivated with sugar cane

Friabilidad y su relación con la arcilla y el carbono orgánico en suelos cultivados con caña de azúcar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n3.54068

Keywords:

soil physics, friability index, aggregates, tensile strength, tillage, sugar crops (en)
física de suelos, índice de friabilidad, resistencia a la compresión, labranza, plantaciones azucareras (es)

Authors

  • Edgar Alvaro Avila P. Universidad del Tolima - Faculty od Agricultural Engineering
  • Fabio Rodrigo Leiva Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - Department of Rural Development
  • Raúl Madriñán M. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Palmira - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
Friability is a property related to the brittle fracture of soil aggregates and, therefore, is considered a key to the physical quality of soils and the consumption of energy during farming. This paper contains the preliminary results of research that aimed to quantitatively determine the friability index (FI) and its relationship with other soil properties; in particular, this research focused on the relationship between the FI and the clay content and organic carbon percentage (OC) of soils with a different dominance in the fine fraction (1:1 and 2:1 clay) that were cultivated with sugar cane in the southwest region of Colombia. The FI was determined by the compressive strength method using aggregates with diameters between 9.5 and 19.0 mm taken from the surface horizon, which were air air-dried and then dried at a low-temperature in an oven. The clay type content and OC content were determined in these samples. A 98.6% of the studied samples had FI values between 0.24 and 0.80, thus, classifying them as friable (especially those having a 1:1 type clay dominance) and very friable (especially those having a 2:1 type clay dominance), suggesting a structural condition of low to moderate energy requirements for farming, low greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and a reduced risk of damage on the physical quality if a suitable soil moisture content exists during the tilling. This study found correlations between the texture, OC, and FI of the soils, indicating that the two first properties affected the friability. However, this effect depended on the clay dominance type.
La friabilidad es una propiedad relacionada con la fractura frágil de los agregados del suelo y por lo tanto considerada clave en la calidad física de los suelos y en el consumo de energía durante la labranza. En este artículo se reportan resultados preliminares de una investigación que busca determinar cuantitativamente el índice de friabilidad (IF) y su relación con otras propiedades del suelo; en particular, se centra en la relación del IF con el contenido de arcilla y el porcentaje de carbono orgánico (CO) en suelos con dominio diferente en su fracción fina (arcillas 1:1 y 2:1), cultivados con caña de azúcar en el suroeste colombiano. El IF se determinó por el método de resistencia a la compresión, usando agregados con diámetros entre 9.5 y 19 mm, tomados del horizonte superficial, secados al aire y en horno a baja temperatura. A estas muestras igual- mente se les determinó el tipo y contenido de arcilla y CO. El 98.6% de los suelos estudiados reportaron valores de IF entre 0,24 y 0,80 que los clasifica como friables (particularmente aquellos con dominio de arcillas tipo 1:1) y muy friables (particularmente aquellos con dominio de arcillas tipo 2:1), sugiriendo una condición estructural con bajos a moderados requerimientos de energía para la labranza, bajas emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI) y riesgo reducido de daño en su calidad física si se trabajan en condición adecuada de contenido de agua en el suelo. Se encontraron correlaciones entre la textura, el CO y el IF de los suelos, indicando que las dos primeras afectan la friabilidad, pero este efecto depende del tipo de arcilla dominante.

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Friability and its relationship with clay and organic carbon in soils cultivated with sugar cane. (2015). Agronomía Colombiana, 33(3), 365-372. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n3.54068