Metasíntesis sobre prácticas narrativas de enfermería en pacientes en cuidados intensivos
Metasynthesis on narrative nursing practices in intensive care patients
Metassíntese sobre práticas narrativas de enfermagem em pacientes em terapia intensiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v43n1.119387Keywords:
Cuidados Críticos, Diario, Enfermería de Cuidados Críticos, Experiencias, Salud Mental (es)Critical Care, Diary, Critical Care Nursing, Experiences, Mental Health (en)
Cuidados Críticos, Diário, Enfermagem em Cuidados Críticos, Experiências, Saúde Mental (pt)
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Introducción: los diarios escritos por los profesionales de enfermería durante la estancia de los pacientes en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) podrían favorecer su recuperación psicológica a corto, mediano y largo plazo. No obstante, existe una exploración limitada sobre cómo estos profesionales perciben y desarrollan el proceso de redactar un diario en nombre de los usuarios.
Objetivo: evaluar las prácticas narrativas de enfermería en el contexto de pacientes en unidades de cuidados intensivos.
Metodología: se llevó a cabo una metasíntesis por medio de una revisión sistemática con enfoque narrativo, siguiendo las recomendaciones de la declaración PRISMA. La formulación de la pregunta de investigación y los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se estructuraron utilizando el enfoque SPIDER. Para la evaluación crítica de los estudios
seleccionados se aplicó el modelo Johns Hopkins. Las decisiones metodológicas fueron documentadas con la herramienta Rayyan.
Resultados: los estudios analizados evidenciaron que los profesionales de enfermería en UCI valoran el diario como herramienta útil que favorece el vínculo terapéutico y mejora la comunicación con los pacientes y sus familias durante el cuidado diario.
Conclusiones: los profesionales de enfermería experimentaron diversos retos para implementar esta práctica, tales como la escasa integración y coordinación con sus rutinas laborales, dificultades para redactar notas pertinentes y contextualizadas, incertidumbre sobre la inclusión de elementos visuales como fotografías, y desafíos
para determinar el momento oportuno de entrega del diario al paciente o sus familiares.
Introduction: Diaries written by nursing professionals on behalf of patients during their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) may contribute to psychological recovery in the short, medium, and long term. However, limited research has explored how nurses perceive and implement the process of journaling on behalf of patients.
Objectives: To evaluate narrative nursing practices with patients in ICUs.
Methodology: A metasynthesis was conducted through a systematic review with a narrative approach, following PRISMA guidelines. The SPIDER tool was used to formulate the research question and define inclusion and exclusion criteria for study selection. The Johns Hopkins model was applied for critical appraisal, and decision-making processes were documented using the Rayyan platform.
Results: Studies revealed that ICU nurses value journaling as a useful tool that improves therapeutic bonding and communication with patients and families during daily care.
Conclusions: Nursing professionals experienced various challenges in implementing this practice, including limited integration and coordination with their routine workflows, difficulties in composing context-appropriate entries, uncertainty about incorporating photographs, and hesitation in determining the appropriate time to deliver the diary to patients or their families.
Introdução: Os diários escritos pelos profissionais de enfermagem durante o seu internamento em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) poderiam favorecer a recuperação
psicológica a curto, médio e longo prazo. Contudo, observa-se uma exploração limitada sobre como esses profissionais percebem de desenvolvem o processo de escrita de um diário em nome dos pacientes.
Objetivo: avaliar as práticas narrativas de enfermagem no contexto de pacientes na UTI.
Metodologia: A metassíntese foi conduzida por meio de uma revisão sistemática com abordagem narrativa, seguindo as recomendações PRISMA. A abordagem SPIDER foi utilizada para formular a questão de pesquisa e os critérios de inclusão/exclusão para a seleção dos estudos; já o modelo Johns Hopkins foi adotado para a avaliação crítica dos estudos selecionados. As decisões metodológicas foram documentadas com a ferramenta Rayyan.
Resultados: Estudos indicaram que enfermeiros profissionais de UTI valorizam o diário como uma ferramenta útil que melhora o vínculo terapêutico e a comunicação com pacientes e familiares durante o cuidado cotidiano.
Conclusões: Os profissionais de enfermagem experimentaram diversos desafios para implementar essa prática, tais como a insuficiente integração e coordenação com sua rotina de trabalho, dificuldades para redigir notas adequadas ao contexto do paciente, incerteza sobre a inclusão de elementos visuais, como fotografias, e desafios para determinar o momento oportuno para entregar o diário ao doente ou à família.
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