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Chemical analysis of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove trees in Playa San Pedro Nature Reserve, Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Análisis químico de hongos endófitos aislados de árboles de mangle en la Reserva Natural Playa San Pedro, Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v46n1.97134Palabras clave:
biological activity, bioactive compounds, phytochemical nuclei, saline environments (en)actividad biológica, ambientes salinos, compuestos bioactivos, núcleos fitoquímicos (es)
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Endophytic fungi are well known for their association with a wide variety of plant species, likewise, mangrove plants are well known for harboring a vast variety of fungi with a valuable diversity of bioactive compounds originating from the secondary metabolism that is synthesized in part as a response to the chemical defense against microorganisms, hostile environments, and antagonistic insects. The objective of the present study was to analyze the chemical composition of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove trees in Buenaventura, Colombia. Analyses of DNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal nuclear region (ITS) were conducted to determine the fungi’s identity. The results revealed 17 isolates, belonging to eight fungal families. All isolates were subjected to thin-layer chromatography analysis, observing different phytochemical nuclei eluted in the system (7: 3 hexane: acetone), of these, 23 compounds were recognized using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry; cytotoxicity tests were carried out in human foreskin fibroblast cell line, which did not show a trend in cell viability. The selected endophytic fungi derived from mangrove trees reveal the presence of different chemical compounds, representing an alternative resource of great interest in bioprospecting and bioremediation.
Los hongos endófitos son bien conocidos por su asociación con una gran variedad de especies vegetales, igualmente, las plantas de mangle son bien conocidas por albergar una amplia variedad de hongos con una fuente valiosa de compuestos bioactivos originados a partir del metabolismo secundario que se sintetizan en parte por la respuesta a la defensa química contra el ataque de microorganismos, ambientes hostiles, e insectos antagonistas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la composición química de hongos endófitos aislados de árboles de mangle en Buenaventura, Colombia. Se llevaron a cabo análisis de secuencias de ADN de la región nuclear ribosomal espaciador transcrito interno (ITS) para determinar la identidad de los hongos. Los resultados revelaron 17 aislados, pertenecientes a ocho familias fúngicas. Todos los aislados se sometieron a análisis de cromatografía de capa fina, observándose diferentes núcleos fitoquímicos eluidos en el sistema (7:3 hexano: acetona), de los cuales se reconocieron 23 compuestos por medio de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrofotometría de masas. También se llevaron a cabo ensayos de citotoxicidad en células de fibroblastos del prepucio humano, los cuales no presentaron una tendencia en la viabilidad celular. Los hongos endófitos derivados de árboles de mangle revelaron la presencia de compuestos químicos que pueden ser un recurso alternativo de gran interés en bioprospección y biorremediación.
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