La influencia del pH y de la salinidad en el crecimiento de Avicennia Germinans (L.) L. en cultivo hidropónico
Keywords:
Cultivo hidropónico, Avicennia Germinans, pH, Salinidad, Crecimiento de plantas jóvenes (es)Cultivo hidropónico, Avicennia Germinans, pH, Salinidad, Crecimiento de plantas jóvenes (en)
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Por sus características llamativas interpretadas como adaptación a las condiciones del medio ambiente bajo las cuales crecen en las costas tropicales, los mangles sirven como objeto de estudios botánicos desde hace mucho tiempo.Con frecuencia es importante cultivar las plantas bajo condiciones controladaspara experimentos de esta índole. Distintos autores investigaron elcrecimiento de plantas jóvenes de Auicennui marina (Forssk) Vierh. ensolución nutritiva (CONNOR 1969, CLARKE & HANNON 1970, DOWNTON 1982,CLOUGH 1984). En todos estos casos figura como objetivo principal de lasinvestigaciones determinar la influencia de la salinidad del medio de cultivoen el desarrollo de las plantas.Ensayos de la autora para cultivar plantas de Auicennia qerminans en Ciesserr/ Alemania (SCHNETTER 1985) indicaron que pDr 10 visto tambien el pH del medio nutritivo tiene cierta influencia sobre el crecimiento, Para una mejor aclaración de este asunto se realizó una serie de experimentos cultivando plántulas de Asncennia qerminans en soluciones nutritivas a diferente pH y salinidad.
Seedlings of Avicennia qerminans, collected at Turbo and Cartagena on the Caribbean Coast of Colombia were hydroponically grown during 28 weeks. The pH of nutrient solution containing 0.1 M NaCl ranged from 5.7 to 8.7. Additionally, one culture medium without NaCl (pH 7.7) and another containing 0.35 M NaCl (pH 8.2) were used. Biomass production depended both on salinity and pH. Highest values of dry matter were obtained for plants of both collection sites in weak basic nutrient solution containing O. 1 M NaCI. But different answers to pH conditions could be observed. Growth optimum of the plants from Cartagena occurred at pH 8, while those from Turbo remained already small at the same pH. They showed better growth in culture medium containing 0.35 M NaCl at pH 8.2 than at pH 8 and 0.1 M NaCl. Increasing salinity resulted in a higher percentage of root biomass. General differences were found between the material from the both sites. They were manifested by a higher productivity of the plants from Cartagena and by a lower number of pilose leaves on the plants from Turbo.
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