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Análisis de la arquitectura de las plantas para las aves insectívoras en un bosque seco neotropical de Colombia
Architecture plant analysis for insectivorous birds in a Colombian Neotropical dry forest
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v44n3.93148Keywords:
Aves insectívoras, calidad y oferta de hábitat, estructura de la vegetación, modelo arquitectónico, restauración (es)Architectural model, habitat offer, habitat quality, insectivorous birds, restoration, vegetation structure (en)
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En un ecosistema degradado, que actualmente es objeto de restauración, analizar de manera detallada la estructura de la vegetación y describir su relación con especies de aves es muy relevante para su manejo. El análisis de la arquitectura de las plantas es un método visual para describir la estructura de la vegetación como resultado de su estrategia de crecimiento. Por medio de este método se analizó la oferta de hábitat de las aves insectívoras Myrmeciza longipes (hormiguero ventriblanco), Thamnophilus doliatus (batará rayado) y Synallaxis albescens (pijuí pechiblanco) como parte de un estudio poblacional y de calidad de hábitat en un remanente de bosque seco tropical de 11 079 hectáreas, en Huila, Colombia. Por medio de conteos y también con la información secundaria recopilada, se estableció cómo estas especies usan los diferentes estratos de la vegetación. Teniendo en cuenta que árboles con más perchas incrementan el forrajeo de aves insectívoras, que más perchas significan mayor refugio para las aves, y también que mayor cruce de perchas posibilitan la aparición de horquetas para el anclaje de nidos de estas especies, en 186 parcelas se determinó que la zona está dominada por siete modelos arquitectónicos, divididos en tres grupos según su oferta potencial de recursos del hábitat para las tres especies: 1) modelos arquitectónicos Roux, Petit y Prevost con una calidad alta; 2) modelos arquitectónicos Koriba y Nozerán con una calidad intermedia; y 3) modelos arquitectónicos McClure y Holttum con una calidad muy baja.
In a degraded ecosystem, which is currently under restoration, detailed analysis of their vegetation structure and descriptions of its association with bird species are very useful for its habitat management. Architecture analysis is a visual method for describing vegetation and plant structure as result of their growth strategy. Based on this method, habitat offer for three insectivorous bird species Myrmeciza longipes (White-bellied Antbird), Thamnophilus doliatus (Barred Antshrike), and Synallaxis albescens (Pale-breasted Spinetail) was analyzed as part of their population analysis and habitat quality evaluation in a fragment of tropical dry forest of 11 079 hectares, Huila, Colombia. By mean of counts and also through the secondary information collected, we gauged how these bird species use the different vegetation strata. Taking into account that trees with more perches increase insectivorous birds’ forage that more perches built on more bird's refuges and also that more crossing perches make up more forks for these species’ nests. In 186 plots of a tropical dry forest zone we determined that the area was dominated by seven architecture models which were divided into three groups according to their potential offer of habitat resources for the three species: 1) architectural models Roux, Petit, and Pervost that offer high quality 2) architectural models Noriba and Nozerán with intermediate quality; and 3) architectural models Mc Clure and Hottum, with very low quality.
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