Cambiando de perspectiva en la economía de la mitigación del cambio climático

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2017-01-01

Cambiando de perspectiva en la economía de la mitigación del cambio climático

Changing of perspective in the economics of climate change mitigation

Mudando de perspectiva na economia da mitigação da mudança climática

Palabras clave:

cambio climático, inequidad intergeneracional, tasa de descuento, incertidumbre, sostenibilidad (es)
Climate change, intergenerational inequality, discount rate, uncertainty, sustituibility (en)
Mudança climática, desigualdade intergeracional, taxa de desconto, incerteza, sustentabilidade (pt)

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Autores/as

Alejandro Mora Motta Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Nohra León Rodríguez Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Este artículo plantea una discusión de las corrientes de la economía que han abordado la relación entre el cambio climático (CC) con el sistema económico. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la economía del bienestar, que ve el CC como una externalidad y se enfoca en el valor presente el bienestar futuro por medio de la tasa social de descuento, y se plantea un giro hacia la economía ecológica, fundamentada en la sostenibilidad fuerte, la incertidumbre irreductible y una base normativa diferente. Con esto, se cuestiona la relevancia del crecimiento del consumo como fundamento del desarrollo. Al final del artículo, se enfatiza sobre la importancia de este giro para la investigación y la evaluación de la política climática.

This paper presents a discussion of the economic theories that have addressed the relationship between climate change (CC) and the economic system. The document critically analyses the welfare economics viewpoint, which sees CC as an externality and focuses on the present value of future welfare by using a social discount rate. We propose a shift towards ecological economics, which is founded on strong sustainability, the irreducibility of uncertainty, and a different normative basis. As such, we discuss the relevancy of growth consumption as a fundament for development. The paper concludes by emphasizing the relevance of this shift for climate research and policy evaluation.

Este artigo propõe um debate sobre as correntes da economia que têm abordado a relação entre a mudança climática (MC) com o sistema econômico. É feita uma análise crítica da economia do bem-estar, que vê essa mudança como uma externalidade e se centra no valor presente ou bem-estar futuro mediante a taxa social de desconto e é proposta uma virada para a economia ecológica, fundamentada na sustentabilidade forte, a incerteza irredutível e uma base normativa diferente. Com isto, é contestada a relevância do crescimento do consumo como fundamento do desenvolvimento. No final do artigo, dá-se ênfase à importância desta virada para a pesquisa e a avaliação da política climática.

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