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No linealidades y efectos umbral en la relación capital humano-crecimiento económico
No linearities and threshold effects in the human capital-economic growth relationship
Não linearidades e efeitos de limiar na relação capital humano-crescimento econômico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/cuad.econ.v38n77.67984Palabras clave:
capital humano, crecimiento económico, educación, salud, panel de datos, métodos semiparamétricos, no linealidades, efectos umbral (es)Economic growth, human capital, health, education, panel data, semiparametric methods, non-linearities, threshold effects (en)
capital humano, crescimento econômico, educação, saúde, paineis de dados, métodos semiparamétricos, não linearidades, efeitos de limiar (pt)
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Este artículo analiza la relación capital humano-crecimiento (considerando el primero con un enfoque amplio que involucra salud y educación) para 86 países en el periodo de 1960 a 2010. El objetivo es evaluar la presencia de no linealidades y efectos umbral mediante técnicas de panel paramétricas y semiparamétricas. Los resultados muestran: a) evidencia notoria de no linealidades en la educación, con un rango de valores medios de educación (e ingresos) para los cuales la relación es negativa (efectos umbral); b) evidencia de no linealidades para la salud, aunque el efecto es más suave; y c) gran dispersión en la relación educación-crecimiento a niveles medios y altos de ingresos.
This paper analyzes the relationship between human capital and growth (considering the first through a broad approach involving health and education) for 86 countries from 1960-2010. The objective is to evaluate the presence of nonlinearities and the threshold effects by using parametric and semiparametric panel techniques. The results show: a) well-known evidence of nonlinearities in education, with a range of average values of education (and income) for which the relation is negative (threshold effects); b) evidence of nonlinearities for health, although the effect is smoother; and c) great dispersion in the education–growth relationship at medium and high levels of income.
Este artigo analisa a relação capital humano-crescimento (considerando o primeiro com um enfoque amplo que involve saúde e educação) para 86 países no período de 1960 a 2010. O objetivo é avaliar a presença de não linearidades e efeitos de limiar mediante técnicas de paineis paramétricos y semiparamétricos. Os resultados mostram a) evidência notória de não linearidades na educação, com um intervalo de valores médios de educação (e ingressos) para os quais a relação é negativa (efeitos de limiar); b) evidência de não linearidades para a saúde, ainda que o efeito seja mais suave; e c) grande dispersão na relação educação-crescimento a níveis médios e altos de ingressos.
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1. María María Ibañez Martín, Mara Leticia Rojas, Carlos Dabús. (2024). Debt, economic growth and threshold effects: Evidence from developing countries. EconomiA, https://doi.org/10.1108/ECON-08-2023-0131.
2. Pablo Daniel Monterubbianesi, Mara Leticia Rojas, Carlos Darío Dabús. (2021). Educación y salud: evidencia de efectos umbral en el crecimiento económico. Lecturas de Economía, (94), p.195. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n94a342459.
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