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El peso de las externalidades en la ubicación espacial de la economía
The weight of externalities in the spatial location of the economy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/cuad.econ.v43n92.99106Palabras clave:
Externalidades (Covid-19), Tamaño de ciudades, Equilibrio general espacial, Localización poblacional, Nueva Geografía Económica (es)Externality; city size; spatial general equilibrium; production location; new economic geography. (en)
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En este artículo se muestra el desarrollo de un modelo conceptual del tipo new economics geography de dos ciudades; este modelo ayuda a analizar cómo la importancia relativa (peso) que los individuos asignan a las economías y las deseconomías de aglomeración afectan los lugares en los que se celebran actividades económicas. Se muestra que el peso asignado a las externalidades puede cambiar drásticamente la localización poblacional. Se ilustra la importancia de cuantificar la magnitud de estas externalidades, y cómo su incorporación simultánea en los análisis de sistemas urbanos puede evitar conclusiones engañosas.
I develop a New Economics Geography model of two-cities, to analyse how the relative importance (weight) that individuals assign to agglomeration economies and diseconomies affects the places where economic activities take place. It is shown that the weight assigned to externalities can drastically change the population location. We illustrate the importance of quantifying the magnitude of these externalities, and how urban systems analysis that simultaneously incorporates agglomeration effects can avoid misleading conclusions.
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