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Fabricación de herramientas de punzonado en caliente en acero M2a través de manufactura aditiva FFF-SDS: evaluaciónmicroestructural y comportamiento en servicio
Manufacture of hot punching tools in M2 steel using FFF-SDSadditive manufacturing: microstructural evaluation and in-servicebehavior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n43.125769Palabras clave:
manufactura aditiva, sinterización, tratamientos térmicos, comportamiento en servicio, fabricación por deposición de filamento fundido, eliminación de aglutinante y sinterización, AISI M2, herramienta de punzonado en caliente (es)additive manufacturing, sintering, heat treatments, in-service behavior, fused filament fabrication, shape debinding sintering, AISI M2, hot punching tool (en)
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La fabricación por filamento fundido es una tecnología emergente con alto potencial para la producción de herramientas metálicas. En este estudio se fabricaron punzones en acero M2 y se evaluó su desempeño en condiciones reales de servicio. Se desarrolló un filamento metálico y se imprimieron probetas cilíndricas para optimizar la densidad en verde y analizar el efecto de la temperatura de sinterización (1250–1350 °C) y del tiempo (30–60 min). Los punzones obtenidos fueron sometidos a templado y triple revenido para mejorar sus propiedades mecánicas. Posteriormente, se evaluaron mediante punzonado en caliente de acero SAE 5160H, complementando el análisis con caracterización dimensional y microestructural. Los resultados mostraron que la sinterización a 1350 °C permitió obtener mejores propiedades microestructurales y mecánicas; sin embargo, la despolimerización y el control de la sinterización continúan siendo desafíos para garantizar la integridad y durabilidad de las herramientas.
Fused filament fabrication is an emerging technology with high potential for the production of metal tools. In this study, M2 steel punches were fabricated and their performance was evaluated under real-world operating conditions. A metal filament was developed, and cylindrical specimens were printed to optimize green density and analyze the effect of sintering temperature (1250–1350 °C) and time (30–60 min). The resulting punches were subjected to quenching and triple tempering to improve their mechanical properties. Subsequently, they were evaluated via hot punching of SAE 5160H steel, with the analysis supplemented by dimensional and microstructural characterization. The results showed that sintering at 1350 °C yielded better microstructural and mechanical properties; however, depolymerization and sintering control remain challenges for ensuring the integrity and durability of the tools.
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