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Comparative study of the vulnerability to groundwater pollution by the DRASTIC and SINTACS methods on the Amizour plain (Béjaia, North Algeria)
Estudio comparativo de la vulnerabilidad de polución de aguas subterráneas a través de los modelos DRASTIC y SINTACS en el valle de Azimour (Bugía, norte de Argelia)
Keywords:
Vulnerability, DRASTIC, SINTACS, Groundwater, Amizour, Soummam (en)Vulnerabilidad, DRASTIC, SINTACS, agua subterránea, Amizour, Soummam (es)
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The present study deals with the vulnerability and the risks of pollution on the Amizour plain aquifer (north Algeria), already threatened by several sources of pollution (e.g., industries, agriculture, illegal dumping, etc.) that collapsed this region, without any planned environmental protection measures. In the aim to study the sensitivity of the Amizour plain against pollution two methods (DRASTIC and SINTACS models) were used and the results were compared and evaluated. The maps showed a similarity in the degrees of vulnerability ranged from high to medium. Most of the plain is affected by a high degree of vulnerability of 76% and 67% as estimated by DRASTIC and SINTACS, respectively. In fact, such remarkable degree is justified by the shallow position of the groundwater and the type of aquifer. The degree of groundwater vulnerability was 18% and 33% in the northern and southern part of the studied zone as estimated by DRASTIC and SINTACS methods, respectively. According to the DRASTIC approach, an area with a very high vulnerability (6%) was observed amidst the Amizour plain. Superimposing both maps of vulnerability and the pollution source sites allowed us through the risk map to frame the areas at high risk of groundwater contamination. This investigation will facilitate to make decisions in implementing of an accurate and urgent management project for safeguarding the studied zone. The applicability of these findings has been discussed and suggestions for attenuating the risk of contamination have been given.
El presente estudio trata sobre la vulnerabilidad y los riesgos de contaminación del acuífero del valle de Amizour (norte de Argelia), el cual se encuentra amenazado por varias fuentes de polución (como las industrias, la agricultura, vertidos ilegales, entre otros) que colapsaron la región y donde no se evidencian medidas planeadas de protección ambiental. Con el objetivo de estudiar la respuesta del valle de Amizour ante la polución se usaron dos métodos (modelos DRASTIC y SINTACS) y los resultados se compararon y evaluaron. Los mapas mostraron una similitud en los grados de respuesta que van de alto a medio. La mayor parte del valle se encuentra afectada por un alto grado de vulnerabilidad de 76 % y 67 % de acuerdo con las estimaciones del modelo DRASTIC y el modelo SINTACS, respectivamente. De hecho, este grado notable se justifica en la posición poco profunda del agua subterránea y en el tipo de acuífero. El grado de vulnerabilidad de las aguas subterráneas es de 18 % y 33 % en las partes norte y sur de la zona de estudio, de acuerdo con las estimaciones de los modelos DRASTIC y SINTACS, respectivamente. De acuerdo con los calculos del modelo DRASTIC, se observó una área con una muy alta vulnerabilidad (6 %) en medio del valle de Amizour. El sobreponer los mapas de vulnerabilidad y de las fuentes de polución permitió a los autores construir un mapa donde se enmarcan las áreas de alto riesgo de contaminación de las aguas subterráneas. Esta investigación facilitará la toma de decisiones en la implementación de un proyecto de manejo exacto y urgente para la salvaguarda de la zona de estudio. La aplicabilidad de estos hallazgos fue discutida y se presentan sugerencias para la atenuación de los riesgos de contaminación.
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