Published

2025-07-16

Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)

Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de las aguas subterráneas mediante métodos SINTACS y SINTACS modificado en la cuenca de Burdur Çine (Turquía)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091

Keywords:

Vulnerability Mapping, SINTACS, Geographic information system (GIS), Hydrogeology, Turkey (en)
Mapa de vulnerabilidad, SINTACS, Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG), Hidrogeología, Turquía (es)

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Groundwater sensitivity studies are widely used to protect aquifers in basins from pollution elements and to take necessary precautions. In this study, the SINTACS model was used in conjunction with GIS and AHP to determine groundwater sensitivity. The SINTACS model is generally preferred in karstic lithologies. The Burdur Cine Basin (BCB) is located in the karstic area defined as the Taurus Limestone Belt in southwestern Turkey. In the basin where intensive agricultural activities are carried out, there is a university campus and numerous villages. The groundwater in the basin is used both for drinking water in Burdur province and for agricultural activities. In determining the sensitivity of groundwater; the parameters of water depth (S), infiltration (I), unsaturated zone (N), soil (T), hydrogeological features (C), and topographic surface (S) were used. These model parameters were weighted using normal and karstic SINTACS scenarios based on the characteristics of the basin. In the parameter weighting process with AHP, the geological, hydrogeological, meteorological, and land use characteristics of the region, particularly the karstic structure, were taken into account. The SINTACS index was found to be in the range of 26-222, while the modified SINTACS index was in the range of 63-269. The modified SINTACS method has provided higher index values due to the addition of two parameters. According to the modified SINTACS method, it has been determined that 44.36% of the basin has very high, 22.08% high, 13.02% moderate, and 10.17% extremely high sensitivity. The areas with very high and high sensitivity include areas where the slope is low and soil over the aquifer is permeable. This situation indicates that the groundwater aquifer in the basin is highly sensitive to pollution.

Los estudios de sensibilidad de las aguas subterráneas se utilizan ampliamente para proteger los acuíferos en las cuencas de los elementos contaminantes y para tomar las precauciones necesarias. En este estudio, se utilizó el modelo SINTACS junto con SIG y AHP para determinar la sensibilidad del agua subterránea. El modelo SINTACS se prefiere generalmente en litologías kársticas. La Cuenca Burdur Cine (BCB) se encuentra en el área kárstica definida como el Cinturón de Caliza de Tauro en el suroeste de Turquía. En la cuenca donde se llevan a cabo actividades agrícolas intensivas, hay un campus universitario y numerosas aldeas. Las aguas subterráneas en la cuenca se utilizan tanto para el agua potable en la provincia de Burdur como para actividades agrícolas. Para determinar la sensibilidad de las aguas subterráneas, se utilizaron los parámetros de profundidad del agua (S), infiltración (I), zona no saturada (N), suelo (T), características hidrogeológicas (C) y superficie topográfica (S). Estos parámetros del modelo se ponderaron utilizando escenarios SINTACS normales y kársticos basados en las características de la cuenca. En el proceso de ponderación de parámetros con AHP, se tomaron en cuenta las características geológicas, hidrogeológicas, meteorológicas y de uso del suelo de la región, particularmente la estructura kárstica. El índice SINTACS se encontró en el rango de 26-222, mientras que el índice SINTACS modificado se encontró en el rango de 63-269. El método SINTACS modificado ha proporcionado valores de índice más altos debido a la adición de dos parámetros. Según el método SINTACS modificado, se ha determinado que el 44.36% de la cuenca tiene una sensibilidad muy alta, el 22.08% alta, el 13.02% moderada y el 10.17% extremadamente alta. Las áreas con sensibilidad muy alta y alta incluyen zonas donde la pendiente es baja y el suelo sobre el acuífero es permeable. Esta situación indica que el acuífero de aguas subterráneas en la cuenca es altamente sensible a la contaminación.

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How to Cite

APA

Soyaslan, I. I. (2025). Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye). Earth Sciences Research Journal, 29(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091

ACM

[1]
Soyaslan, I.I. 2025. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye). Earth Sciences Research Journal. 29, 2 (Jul. 2025), 201–210. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091.

ACS

(1)
Soyaslan, I. I. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye). Earth sci. res. j. 2025, 29, 201-210.

ABNT

SOYASLAN, I. I. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye). Earth Sciences Research Journal, [S. l.], v. 29, n. 2, p. 201–210, 2025. DOI: 10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/114091. Acesso em: 29 dec. 2025.

Chicago

Soyaslan, I. Iskender. 2025. “Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal 29 (2):201-10. https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091.

Harvard

Soyaslan, I. I. (2025) “Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)”, Earth Sciences Research Journal, 29(2), pp. 201–210. doi: 10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091.

IEEE

[1]
I. I. Soyaslan, “Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)”, Earth sci. res. j., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 201–210, Jul. 2025.

MLA

Soyaslan, I. I. “Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal, vol. 29, no. 2, July 2025, pp. 201-10, doi:10.15446/esrj.v29n2.114091.

Turabian

Soyaslan, I. Iskender. “Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal 29, no. 2 (July 16, 2025): 201–210. Accessed December 29, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/114091.

Vancouver

1.
Soyaslan II. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using SINTACS and modified-SINTACS methods in Burdur Çine Basin (Turkiye). Earth sci. res. j. [Internet]. 2025 Jul. 16 [cited 2025 Dec. 29];29(2):201-10. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/114091

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