Published

2020-01-01

A catastrophic landslide triggered debris flow in China’s Yigong: factors, dynamic processes, and tendency

Deslizamiento de tierra ocasionado por el flujo de detritos en el río Yigong (China): factores, procesos dinámicos y tendencia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n1.78094

Keywords:

Catastrophic Landslide triggered debris flow, Dynamic process, Main controlling factors, Tendency analysis, Yigong, Tibet (en)
deslizamienos de tierra ocasionados por flujos de detritos, procesos dinámicos, factores principales de control, análisis de tendencias, Yigong. (es)

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Authors

  • Jun Li Institute of mountain hazards and environment, School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
  • Ningsheng Chen Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Yuandi Zhao School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
  • Mei Liu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Weiyu Wang School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
A Catastrophic Landslide Triggered Debris Flow (CLDF) hazard with a scale of 0.3 billion m3 occurred in the Zhamunong gully on April 9th, 2000. It is of great scientific and engineering significance to study the main controlling factors and dynamic processes of this CLDF, and the future development trend of similar hazards. First, we collect the data of the prehazard precipitation, temperature and earthquake, as well as the seismic waves generated by the disaster. Second, we use multiple methods on the data, including the EPA and SPI computing methods, Fast Fourier transform (FFT), the engineering geological survey, the calculation method of landslide stability, the FLAC numerical simulation method and rock mechanics experiment, etc. Third, the processed data is analyzed, and the results are shown as follows: (1) The motivating factors of the 2000 CLDF were a long-term freeze-thaw cycle, a dry-wet cycle and an earthquake. It is reasonable that the Ms 4.8 earthquake was a direct inducing factor before the occurrence of the 2000 CLDF. (2) Based on the ground vibration spectrum recorded by the Linzhi seismic station, the dynamic processes of the 2000 LTDF have four processes, which are the joint and crack development process in the landslide, the crack fracture and sliding process, the landslide translating into the debris flow and the movement and deposition of the debris flow. (3) The density of the 2000 CLDF is 2.0 t·m-3, the average velocity of the 2000 CLDF is 30.12 m·s-1, and the discharge process of the 2000 CLDF first increases and then decreases. (4) Based on the adequately internal and external geological conditions, a CLDF of the Zhamunong gully may occur in the future. The research results are useful in establishing a foundation for further study on the dynamic mechanism of CLDFs and hazard reduction countermeasures.

Un deslizamiento de tierra ocasionó un flujo de detritos a una escala de 0.3 miles de millones de metros cúbicos en la hondonada de Zhamunong en el río Yigong, el 9 de abril de 2000. El estudio de los factores deteterminantes y las dinámicas del proceso de este desastre, al igual que el estudio de la tendencia a futuro de eventos similares, ha sido de gran importancia científica e ingenieril. Inicialmente, se recolectó la información relacionada con la precipitación, terremotos y temperatura antes del deslizamiento y la información de onda sísmica después del evento. Luego se realizó un acercamiento multidimensional a la información para encontrar los factores, los procesos dinámicos y la tendencia del deslizamiento de tierra que desencadenó un flujo de detritos en Zhamunong, y que incluyó el índice de precipitación regular y los métodos de cálculo de aceleración sísmica, transformada rápida de Fourier, estabilidad de un deslizamiento, el método de las diferencias finitas MacCormack-TVD y el método de simulación numérica FLAC. Los resultados muestran lo siguiente: (1) Los factores de control principal del deslizamiento fueron el ciclo a largo plazo de congelación y descongelación, el ciclo de humedad y sequía, y un terremoto de magnitud media. (2) Con base en el espectro de vibración del terreno registrado durante este evento por la estación sísmica de Linzhi, lasdinámicaspasanporeldesarrollodelprocesodeagrietamientoyarticulación,elprocesodeagrietamientodelas fracturasydeslizamiento,latraslacióndeldeslizamientodetierraenflujodedetritos,elmovimientoyladeposición de estos detritos. (3) La densidad y el promedio de velocidad son de 2.0 t·m-3 y 30.12 m·s-1, y la descarga se muestra con el proceso de primero incremento y luego disminución. (4) Eventos similares pueden ocurrir en la hondonada de Zhamunong a futuro. Los resultados de la investigación son útiles para establecer los cimientos de estudios posteriores en los mecanismos de dinámicas y en la reducción de contramedidas de deslizamienos de tierra ocasionados por flujos de detritos.

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Li, J., Chen, N., Zhao, Y., Liu, M., & Wang, W. (2020). A catastrophic landslide triggered debris flow in China’s Yigong: factors, dynamic processes, and tendency. Earth Sciences Research Journal, 24(1), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n1.78094

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