Published

2022-05-11

Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)

Identificación de fallas con potencial sísmico de riesgo con base en análisis morfotectónico en la ciudad de Kerman (sudeste asiático)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186

Keywords:

Seismic hazard, geomorphic indices of active tectonics, geomorphology, GIS, Kerman city, southeastern Iran. (en)
Riesgo sísmico; índices geomórficos de tectónicas activas; geomorfología; Sistema de Información Geográfica; ciudad de Kerman; sureste de Irán (es)

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Authors

  • Shahrzad Ameri Department of Geology, Faculty of basic sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
  • Ali Solgi Department of Geology, Faculty of basic sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
  • Ali Sorbi Department of Geology, Faculty of basic sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
  • Alireza Farrokhnia Department of Geology, Faculty of basic sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

The morphotectonic analysis is a useful time-saving and cost-effective method to assess tectonic activity, especially in large regions. In this paper, the morphotectonic study was carried out in Kerman city which is in the southeast of Iran and is a part of the Central Iran structural zone. Despite the occurrence of numerous historical and instrumental earthquakes around Kerman city, there is a gap in earthquake records of this city that has obscured its seismicity status. The aim of this study is to identify active faults and the associated seismic hazard to Kerman city. For this purpose, seven geomorphic indices namely stream length-gradient index (SL), drainage basin asymmetry (Af), hypsometric integral (Hi), ratio of valley-floor width to valley height (Vf), index of drainage basin shape (Bs), index of mountain front sinuosity (Smf) and Transverse Topographic Symmetry Factor (T) were examined for 51 basins of the study area, using digital elevation model (DEM) and geological maps in a GIS environment. Then, two kinds of relative tectonic activity index were calculated for each basin, i.e., Iat and Iat_T, from the combination of these indices. The Iat_T was chosen because its results show better agreement with the structural geology and seismic records of this region. Finally, the study area was divided into three regions according to the Iat_T values. The morphotectonic analyses indicate that the Kuhbanan fault system, especially its southern splays, has the potential to produce serious seismic hazards to Kerman city in the future; the Mahan-Jupar fault-related folds, the southern tip of the Jorjafk fault, the probable fault of Zangi-Abad, the Rafsanjan-Zarand fault system, and Gowk fault are considered as other threats to Kerman city. Furthermore, this study reveals that morphotectonic analysis is a reliable tool to evaluate fault capability and to determine the fault types, and therefore to estimate seismotectonic hazard.

El análisis morfotectónico es un método útil, económico y ahorrador de tiempo para evaluar la actividad tectónica, especialmente en regiones grandes. En este artículo, el estudio morfotectónico se realizó en la ciudad de Kerman, en el sudeste de Irán, y que es parte de la zona estructural de Centro Irán. Si bien han ocurrido numerosos terremotos históricos o de detección instrumental en Kerman, hay una brecha en los registros de estos movimientos que oscurecen el estatus sísmico. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las fallas activas  y el riesgo sísmico asociado para la ciudad de Kerman. Para este propósito se examinaron siete índices geomórficos (índice del gradiente del perfil longitudinal, SL; asimetría de cuenca, Af; integral hipsométrica, Hi;  relación de la parte baja del valle con la altura del valle, Vf; índice de la forma de cuenca, Bs; índice de sinuosidad de frentes montañosos, Smf, y factor  de simetría topográfica transversal, T) en 51 cuencas en el área de estudio con Modelos de Elevación Digital (DEM) y mapas geológicos en un ambiente de Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Luego se calcularon dos clases de índices de actividad tectónica relativa para cada cuenca, por ejemplo Iat e Iat_T, desde la combinación de estos índices. El índice Iat_T fue elegido porque sus resultados muestran concordancia con la geología estructural y los registros sísmicos de la región. Finalmente, el área de estudio se dividió en tres regiones, de acuerdo con los valores Iat_T. Los análisis morfotectónicos indican que el sistema de fallas de Kuhbanan, especialmente en su extensión al sur, tiene el potencial de producir riesgos sísmicos serios a la ciudad de Kerman en el futuro; los pliegues relacionados con la falla Mahan-Jupar, la punta sur de la falla Jorjafk, la posible falla de Zangi-Abad, el sistema de fallas de Rafsanjan-Zarand, y la falla de Gowk se consideran como otras amenazas a Kerman. Además, este estudio muestra que el análisis morfotectónico es una herramienta confiable para evaluar la capacidad de las fallas y para determinar los tipos de falla y, además, para estimar el riesgo sismotectónico.

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APA

Ameri, S., Solgi, A., Sorbi, A. and Farrokhnia, A. (2022). Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran). Earth Sciences Research Journal, 26(1), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186

ACM

[1]
Ameri, S., Solgi, A., Sorbi, A. and Farrokhnia, A. 2022. Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran). Earth Sciences Research Journal. 26, 1 (May 2022), 23–38. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186.

ACS

(1)
Ameri, S.; Solgi, A.; Sorbi, A.; Farrokhnia, A. Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran). Earth sci. res. j. 2022, 26, 23-38.

ABNT

AMERI, S.; SOLGI, A.; SORBI, A.; FARROKHNIA, A. Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran). Earth Sciences Research Journal, [S. l.], v. 26, n. 1, p. 23–38, 2022. DOI: 10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/83186. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2025.

Chicago

Ameri, Shahrzad, Ali Solgi, Ali Sorbi, and Alireza Farrokhnia. 2022. “Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal 26 (1):23-38. https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186.

Harvard

Ameri, S., Solgi, A., Sorbi, A. and Farrokhnia, A. (2022) “Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)”, Earth Sciences Research Journal, 26(1), pp. 23–38. doi: 10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186.

IEEE

[1]
S. Ameri, A. Solgi, A. Sorbi, and A. Farrokhnia, “Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)”, Earth sci. res. j., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 23–38, May 2022.

MLA

Ameri, S., A. Solgi, A. Sorbi, and A. Farrokhnia. “Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal, vol. 26, no. 1, May 2022, pp. 23-38, doi:10.15446/esrj.v26n1.83186.

Turabian

Ameri, Shahrzad, Ali Solgi, Ali Sorbi, and Alireza Farrokhnia. “Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran)”. Earth Sciences Research Journal 26, no. 1 (May 11, 2022): 23–38. Accessed March 28, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/83186.

Vancouver

1.
Ameri S, Solgi A, Sorbi A, Farrokhnia A. Identification of faults with seismic hazard potential based on morphotectonic analysis, Kerman city (Southeastern Iran). Earth sci. res. j. [Internet]. 2022 May 11 [cited 2025 Mar. 28];26(1):23-38. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/esrj/article/view/83186

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