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Detection and study of a high magnitude seismic event from GPS data: Case study of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake
Detección y estudio de un evento sísmico de gran magnitud a partir de datos GPS: Caso de estudio del terremoto Tohoku-Oki de 2011
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n2.97735Keywords:
seismogeodesy, gps, tohoku-oki, geodesy (en)Sismogeodesia; GPS; terremoto; Tohoku-Oki. (es)
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The advent of GPS provided a new way of measuring surface displacements due to earthquakes by deploying GPS networks within active seismic areas. Japan is located in the confluence of several tectonic plates, hence its seismicity. In order to surveille this activity, one of wider GPS network in the world was deployed, i.e., GEONET. By processing data from 93 GEONET reference stations, we analyze the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake using PPP strategy. We studied the time series during the event setting up a threshold value at we consider the time series are being altered by the earthquake. We also identified the time after the occurrence when the maximum displacements happen. With the study of these two parameters, we aim to show their different behavior as the main shock propagates along the Japan islands, with a focus on a better understanding of the earthquake and its propagation. To achieving this, a least square adjustment method was used to relate epicentral distance to topocentric displacements and the time of detection to epicentral distance. The results show an exponential behavior of the distance-displacement regression versus a linear behavior of the distance-time regression. Besides, we use the former linear regression to calculate and approximation of the velocity of the shock waves.
La aparición del GPS proporcionó una nueva forma de medir los desplazamientos en superficie debidos a los terremotos mediante el despliegue de redes de GPS en zonas sísmicas activas. Japón está situado en la confluencia de varias placas tectónicas, de ahí su sismicidad. Para vigilar esta actividad, se desplegó una de las redes de GPS más amplias del mundo, i.e., GEONET. Al procesar los datos de 93 estaciones de referencia de GEONET, analizamos el terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011 utilizando la estrategia PPP. Estudiamos las series temporales generadas durante el evento estableciendo un valor umbral en el que consideramos que las series temporales están siendo alteradas por el terremoto. También identificamos el momento posterior al suceso en el que se producen los máximos desplazamientos. Con el estudio de estos dos parámetros, pretendemos mostrar su diferente comportamiento a medida que la sacudida principal se propaga a lo largo de las islas de Japón, con el objetivo de comprender mejor el terremoto y su propagación. Para ello, se utilizó un método de ajuste de mínimos cuadrados para relacionar la distancia epicentral con los desplazamientos topocéntricos y el tiempo de detección con la distancia epicentral. Los resultados muestran un comportamiento exponencial de la regresión distancia-desplazamiento frente a un comportamiento lineal de la regresión distancia-tiempo. Además, utilizamos la primera regresión lineal para calcular y aproximar la velocidad de las ondas de choque.
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