Published
Estimating surface runoff using the curve number method in an ungauged watershed in Jalisco, Mexico evaluating its morphometric parameters
Estimación del escurrimiento superficial utilizando el método del número de curva en una cuenca no aforada en Jalisco, México, evaluando sus parámetros morfométricos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n4.99194Keywords:
Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Curve number runoff, Geographic Information Systems, Tropical dry forest (en)Bosque tropical seco; Escurrimiento; Número de curva; Reserva de la Biosfera Chamela-Cuixmala; Sistemas de Información Geográfica (es)
Downloads
The surface runoff was estimated using the curve number (CN) method for different storm events and it was associated with the morphometric parameters of an ungauged watershed in Jalisco, México. The land use and land cover map from 2019 was derived from the unsupervised classification of a Sentinel-2 image at 10 m resolution. The morphometric analysis revealed that the study area is dominated by areas of gentle slope and moderate to high permeability with dense vegetation and low relief. It is a well-drained watershed with low flood potentiality as well as a groundwater potential zone. About 69% of the study area corresponds to natural cover with tropical dry forest and evergreen forest as the most representative classes. A total of 77 storm events were identified from 2013 to 2019, with runoffs that ranged from 0.05 to 227.2 Mm3. September and October were the months with the most intense rainfall and, therefore, the months with the highest runoff volume. The average runoff was 14.52 Mm3, corresponding to an average runoff coefficient of 12.86%. Together, the methods used here provide useful results for delineating conservation strategies at the watershed level.
El escurrimiento superficial se estimó utilizando el método del número de curva (CN) para diferentes eventos de tormenta y se asoció con los parámetros morfométricos de una cuenca no aforada en Jalisco, México. El mapa de cobertura y uso del suelo para el año 2019 se derivó a partir de la clasificación no supervisada de una imagen Sentinel-2 a una resolución de 10 m. El análisis morfométrico reveló que el área de estudio está dominada por áreas de pendiente suave y de moderada a alta permeabilidad, con vegetación densa y bajo relieve. Es una cuenca bien drenada con bajo potencial de inundación, además de una zona potencial de aguas subterráneas. Alrededor del 69% del área de estudio corresponde a cobertura natural, siendo el bosque tropical seco y el bosque perenne las clases más representativas. La cantidad de tormentas identificadas entre 2013 y 2019 fue de 77, con escurrimientos que oscilaron entre 0.05 y 227.2 Mm3. Las lluvias más intensas ocurrieron entre septiembre y octubre, ubicándose como los meses en los que se produjo el mayor volumen de escurrimiento. El escurrimiento promedio fue de 14.52 Mm3, correspondiente a un coeficiente de escurrimiento promedio de 12.86%. En conjunto, los métodos utilizados aquí brindan resultados útiles para delinear estrategias de conservación a escala de cuenca.
References
Abdulkareem, J. H., Pradhan, B., Sulaiman, W. N. A. & Jamil, N. R. (2018). Quantification of runoff as influenced by morphometric characteristics in a rural complex catchment. Earth Systems and Environment, 2, 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-018-0043-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-018-0043-0
Alam, A., Ahmed, B., & Sammonds, P. (2021). Flash flood susceptibility assessment using the parameters of drainage basin morphometry in SE Bangladesh. Quaternary International, 575–576, 295–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.04.047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.04.047
Band, L. E., Brun, S. E., Fernandes, R. A., Tagle, C. L., & Tenenbaum, D. E. (2000). Modelling watersheds as spatial object hierarchies: Structure and dynamics. Transactions in GIS, 4(3), 181–196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9671.00048
Bharath, A., Kumar, K. K., Maddamsetty, R., Manjunatha, M., Tangadagi, R. B., & Preethi, S. (2021). Drainage morphometry based sub-watershed prioritization of Kalinadi basin using geospatial technology. Environmental Challenges, 5, 100277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100277
Bhat, M. S., Alam, A., Ahmad, S., Farooq, H. & Ahmad, B. (2019). Flood hazard assessment of upper Jhelum basin using morphometric parameters. Environmental Earth Sciences, 78, 54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8046-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8046-1
Bogale, A. (2021) Morphometric analysis of a drainage basin using geographical information system in Gilgel Abay watershed, Lake Tana Basin, upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Applied Water Science, 11, 122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01447-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01447-9
Carraro, L., Mächler, E., Wüthrich, R. & Altermatt, F. (2020). Environmental DNA allows upscaling spatial patterns of biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems. Nature Communications, 11, 3585. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17337-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17337-8
Congalton, R. G. & Green, K. (2009). Assessing the Accuracy of Remote Sensed Data: Principles and Practices, Second edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 183 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420055139
Essaid, H. I. & Caldwell, R. R. (2017). Evaluating the impact of irrigation on surface water – groundwater interaction and stream temperature in an agricultural watershed. Science of the Total Environment, 599–600, 581–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.205
FAO. (2014). World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, update 2015. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106. FAO, Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/i3794en/I3794en.pdf (last accessed November 2022).
Fenta, A. A., Yasuda, H., Shimizu, K., Haregeweyn, N. & Woldearegay, K. (2017). Quantitative analysis and implications of drainage morphometry of the Agula watershed in the semi-arid northern Ethiopia. Applied Water Science, 7, 3825–3840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0534-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0534-4
Flores-Casas, R. & Ortega-Huerta, M. A. (2019). Modelling land cover changes in the tropical dry forest surrounding the Chamela-Cuixmala biosphere reserve, Mexico. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 40(18), 6948–6974. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2019.1597305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2019.1597305
Ghosh, P. K., Mukhopadhyay, R., & Jana, N. C. (2021). Quantitative Analysis of Drainage Basin Parameters towards better Management of Damodar River, Eastern India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 97, 711–734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-021-1753-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-021-1753-8
Haokip, P., Khan, A., Choudhari, P., Kulimushi, L. C., & Qaraev, I. (2021). Identification of erosion‑prone areas using morphometric parameters, land use land cover and multi-criteria decision-making method: geo-informatics approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01452-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01452-7
Hernández-Guzmán, R., Ruiz-Luna, A. & Berlanga-Robles, C. A. (2008). Assessment of runoff response to landscape changes in the San Pedro subbasin (Nayarit, Mexico) using remote sensing data and GIS. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 43(12), 1471–1482. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934520802253465 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10934520802253465
Hernández-Guzmán, R. & Ruiz-Luna, A. (2013). SARA – An enhanced curve number-based tool for estimating direct runoff. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 15(3), 881–887. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.145
Horton, R. E. (1945). Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: hydro-physical approach to quantitative morphology. GSA Bulletin, 56(3), 275–370. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[275:EDOSAT]2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[275:EDOSAT]2.0.CO;2
INEGI. (2000). Estudio hidrológico del estado de Jalisco. First edition. Mexico, 176 pp.
Jenson, S. K. & Domingue, J. O. (1988). Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information system analysis. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 54(11), 1593–1600. https://doi.org/0099-1112/88/5411-1593
Khan, I., Bali, R., Agarwal, K. K., Kumar, D., Singh, S. K. (2021). Morphometric Analysis of Parvati Basin, NW Himalaya: A Remote Sensing and GIS Based Approach. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 97, 165–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-021-1648-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-021-1648-8
Kumari, P., Kumari, R., & Kumar, D. (2021). Geospatial approach to evaluate the morphometry of Sabarmati River Basin, India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14, 206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06577-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06577-7
Li, X., Zhang, L., Zheng, Y., Yang, D., Wu, F., Tian, Y., Han, F., Gao, B., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Ge, Y., Cheng, G., Fu, B., Xia, J., Song, C., & Zheng, C. (2021). Novel hybrid coupling of ecohydrology and socioeconomy at river basin scale: A watershed system model for the Heihe River basin. Environmental Modelling and Software, 141, 105058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105058
Liu, X., & Zhao, H. (2022). Multiscale analysis of runoff complexity in the Yanhe watershed. Entropy, 24, 1088. https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081088 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081088
Mahala, A. (2020). The significance of morphometric analysis to understand the hydrological and morphological characteristics in two different morpho‑climatic settings. Applied Water Science, 10, 33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1118-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1118-2
Martínez-Harms, M. J., Quijas, S., Merenlender, A. M., & Balvanera, P. (2016). Enhancing ecosystem services maps combining field and environmental data. Ecosystem Services, 22(Part A), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.09.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.09.007
Miller, V. C. (1953). A quantitative geomorphologic study of drainage basin characteristics in the clinch mountain area. Virginia and Tennessee Columbia University, Department of Geology, Technical Report, No. 3, Contract N6 ONR 271–300.
Ogarekpe, N. M., Obio, E. A., Tenebe, I. T., Emenike, P. C., & Nnaji, C. C. (2020). Flood vulnerability assessment of the upper Cross River basin using morphometric analysis. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 11, 1378–1403. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2020.1785954 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2020.1785954
Obeidat, M., Awawdeh, M., & Al-Hantouli, F. (2021). Morphometric analysis and prioritisation of watersheds for flood risk management in Wadi Easal Basin (WEB), Jordan, using geospatial technologies. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 14, e12711. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12711
Odiji, C.A., Aderoju, O.M., Eta, J.B., Shehu, I., Mai-Bukar, A., & Onuoha, H. (2021). Morphometric analysis and prioritization of upper Benue River watershed, Northern Nigeria. Applied Water Science, 11, 41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01364-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01364-x
Pallard, B., Castellarin, A., & Montanar, A. (2009). A look at the links between drainage density and flood statistics. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 13, 1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-1019-2009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-1019-2009
Pande, C. B., & Moharir, K. (2017). GIS based quantitative morphometric analysis and its consequences: a case study from Shanur River Basin, Maharashtra India. Applied Water Science, 7, 861–871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0298-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0298-7
Prabhakar, A. K., Singh, K. K., Lohani, A. K., & Chandniha, S. K. (2019). Study of Champua watershed for management of resources by using morphometric analysis and satellite imagery. Applied Water Science, 9, 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1003-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1003-z
Rao, K. N. (2020). Analysis of surface runoff potential in ungauged basin using basin parameters and SCS‑CN method. Applied Water Science, 10, 47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1129-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1129-z
Raux, J., Copard, Y., Laignel, B., Fournier, M., & Massei, N. (2011). Classification of worldwide drainage basins through the multivariate analysis of variables controlling their hydrosedimentary response. Global and Planetary Change, 76(3–4), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.12.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.12.005
Reichl, F., & Hack, J. (2017). Derivation of flow duration curves to estimate hydropower generation potential in data-scarce regions. Water, 9, 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9080572 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w9080572
Resmi, M. R., Babeesh, C., Achyuthan, H. (2019). Quantitative analysis of the drainage and morphometric characteristics of the Palar River basin, Southern Peninsular India; using bAd calculator (bearing azimuth and drainage) and GIS. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 3(4), 295-307. https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2018.1563750 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2018.1563750
Ruiz-Luna, A., Berlanga-Robles, C. A., Hernández-Guzmán, R., Camacho-Valdez, V., & Escalante-Sánchez, M. A. (2014). Alteraciones potenciales en humedales de Sinaloa ante la perspectiva del cambio climático. In: Flores-Campaña L.M., Morán-Angulo R.E., Karam-Quiñones C. (eds.). Sinaloa ante el cambio climático global. Mexico, 388 pp.
Sánchez-Azofeifa, G. A., Quesada, M., Cuevas-Reyes, P., Castillo, A., & Sánchez-Montoya, G. (2009). Land cover and conservation in the area of influence of the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management, 258(6), 907–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.10.030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.10.030
Satheeshkumar, S., Venkateswaran, S., & Kannan, R. (2017). Rainfall–runoff estimation using SCS–CN and GIS approach in the Pappiredipatti watershed of the Vaniyar sub basin, South India. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 3, 24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-017-0301-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-017-0301-4
Schumm, S. A. (1956). Evolution of drainage systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey. GSA Bulletin, 67(5), 597–646. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[597:EODSAS]2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[597:EODSAS]2.0.CO;2
Schumm, S. A, & Hadley, R. F. (1961). Progress in the application of landform analysis in studies of semiarid erosion. Geological Survey Circular No. 437. Washington, D.C. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3133/cir437
Singh, V. G., & Singh, S. K. (2022). Analysis of geo-morphometric and topohydrological indices using COP-DEM: a case study of Betwa River Basin, Central India. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes. https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2022.2097376
Sooryamol, K. R., Kumar, S., & Raj, A. D. (2022). Modelling climate change impact on soil erosion in a watershed of north-western Lesser Himalayan region. Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 7, 125–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43217-022-00089-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43217-022-00089-4
Smith, K.G. (1950). Standards for grading texture of erosional topography. American Journal of Science, 248(9), 655–668. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.248.9.655 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.248.9.655
Suazo-Ortuño, I., Urbina-Cardona, J.N., Lara-Uribe, N., Marroquín-Páramo, J., Soto-Sandoval, Y., Rangel-Orozco, J., López-Toledo, L., Benítez-Malvido, J. & Alvarado-Díaz, J. (2018). Impact of a hurricane on the herpetofaunal assemblages of a successional chronosequence in a tropical dry forest. Biotropica, 50(4), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12544 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12544
Strahler, A. N. (1957). Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. American Geophysical Union, 38(6), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR038i006p00913 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/TR038i006p00913
Strahler, A. N. (1964). Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basin and channel network. In: Chow V. T. (editor) Handbook of applied hydrology. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York
Tang, X., & Adesina, J.A. (2022). Integrated watershed management framework and groundwater resources in Africa - A review of West Africa Sub-Region. Water, 14, 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030288 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030288
Thomas, J., Joseph, S. & Thrivikramaji, K. P. (2010). Morphometric aspects of a small tropical mountain river system, the southern Western Ghats, India. International Journal of Digital Earth, 3(2), 135–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538940903464370 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17538940903464370
USDA. (1986). Natural Resources Conservation Service. Urban hydrology for small watersheds. United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Conservation Engineering Division. Technical Release 55. 2nd ed. Washington, DC.
Verma, S., Singh, P. K., Mishra, S. K., Jain, S. K., Berndtsson, R., Singh, A. & Verma, R. K. (2018). Simplified SMA-inspired 1-parameter SCS-CN model for runoff estimation. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11, 420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3736-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3736-7
How to Cite
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Download Citation
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Earth Sciences Research Journal holds a Creative Commons Attribution license.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.