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Geoelectrical investigation to delineate potential aquifers in Shahroud, Iran
Investigación geoeléctrica para delinear potenciales acuíferos en Shahroud, Irán
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v27n4.107251Palabras clave:
Electrical Resistivity Method, inversion., groundwater, GIS (en)Método de resistividad eléctrica, Inversión, Exploración de aguas subterráneas, Sistema de Información Geográfica (es)
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One of the world's most pressing needs today is access to groundwater. Although hydrological parameters can generally be estimated using underground studies, these methods are time-consuming and expensive. By taking the direct relationship of these parameters with electrical resistivity and measuring it with a cheaper and faster geoelectric method, a qualitative estimate of these parameters will be obtained. The electrical resistivity method is one of the most widely used methods to probe aquifers. The main objective of this paper is to show how, by interpreting and modeling the data of this exploratory method along with other geological information, the hydrogeological modeling of groundwater reservoirs can be done, and then, with an informed vision, the wells can be drilled for exploitation. For this purpose, the electrical resistivity data at 189 points and 9 profiles in the Shahroud region with Schlumberger array, after reviewing and making some modifications, were subjected to one-dimensional inverse modeling. According to the peripheral vision, the electrode distance was considered to be 50 meters and the length of the profiles is different. The longest profile was 1000 meter and related to profile 3. Then, using the results of modeling along with other available information, the hydrogeological models of the area were prepared in the form of iso-resistivity contour map and interpreted in terms of resistivity and thickness of subsurface layer using computer software Geographic Information System (GIS). Similarly, the thickness map of the aquifer unit (s) was also prepared to classify the good and poor zones. Using the prepared models and also considering the direction and piezometric of the groundwater flow inside the aquifer, suitable places were identified and suggested for future exploitation.
Una de las necesidades más apremiantes en el mundo es el acceso al agua subterránea. Si bien algunos parámetros hidrológicos se pueden estimar generalmente con estudios subterráneos, estos métodos suelen ser costosos en tiempo y en dinero. Una estimación cualitativa de estos parámetros se puede obtener al tomar la relación directa de estos parámetros con la resistividad eléctrica y medir con un método geoeléctrico más barato y más rápido. El método de resistividad eléctrica es uno de los más usados para hacer pruebas en acuíferos. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es mostrar cómo se puede hacer, por interpretación y modelado de la información de este método exploratorio junto con otra información geológica, el modelado de reservorios de agua subterránea y luego, con una visión informada, la perforación de pozos para su explotación. Para este fin la información de resistividad eléctrica de 189 puntos y de 9 perfiles en la región de Shahroud con la configuración de Schlumberger, después de revisarla y hacer algunas modificaciones, fue objeto de un modelado unidimensional inverso. De acuerdo con la visión periférica, la distancia de los electrodos se consideró en 50 metros mientras que la longitud de los perfiles es diferente. El perfil 3 fue el más largo, con unos 1000 metros. Luego, al combinar los resultados del modelado con otra información disponible se prepararon los modelos hidrogeológicos en la forma de un mapa de contornos de iso-resistividad y se interpretaron en términos de resistividad y espesor de la capa de la subsuperficie con el software Sistema de Información Geográfica. De manera similar se preparó el mapa de espesor de las unidades acuíferas para clasificar las zonas más y las menos profundas. Al usar los modelos preparados y también considerar la dirección y piezometría del flujo de las aguas subterráneas al interior del acuífero se identificaron los lugares más adecuados y se sugirieron para futuras explotaciones.
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